Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil.
Behav Brain Res. 2013 May 1;244:82-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.02.001. Epub 2013 Feb 10.
Stroke causes disability and mortality worldwide and is divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic subtypes. Although clinical trials suggest distinct recovery profiles for ischemic and hemorrhagic events, this is not conclusive due to stroke heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to produce similar brain damage, using experimental models of ischemic (IS) and hemorrhagic (HS) stroke and evaluate the motor spontaneous recovery profile. We used 31 Wistar rats divided into the following groups: Sham (n=7), ischemic (IS) (n=12) or hemorrhagic (HS) (n=12). Brain ischemia or hemorrhage was induced by endotelin-1 (ET-1) and collagenase type IV-S (collagenase) microinjections, respectively. All groups were evaluated in the open field, cylinder and ladder walk behavioral tests at distinct time points as from baseline to 30 days post-surgery (30 PS). Histological and morphometric analyses were used to assess the volume of lost tissue and lesion length. Present results reveal that both forms of experimental stroke had a comparable long-term pattern of damage, since no differences were found in volume of tissue lost or lesion size 30 days after surgery. However, behavioral data showed that hemorrhagic rats were less impaired at skilled walking than ischemic ones at 15 and 30 days post-surgery. We suggest that experimentally comparable stroke design is useful because it reduces heterogeneity and facilitates the assessment of neurobiological differences related to stroke subtypes; and that spontaneous skilled walking recovery differs between experimental ischemic and hemorrhagic insults.
中风在全球范围内导致残疾和死亡，分为缺血性和出血性两种亚型。尽管临床试验表明缺血性和出血性事件的恢复情况不同，但由于中风的异质性，这一结论并不确定。本研究的目的是使用缺血性（IS）和出血性（HS）中风的实验模型产生类似的脑损伤，并评估运动的自发恢复情况。我们使用了 31 只 Wistar 大鼠，分为以下几组：假手术组（n=7）、缺血性中风组（IS）（n=12）或出血性中风组（HS）（n=12）。脑缺血或出血分别通过内皮素-1（ET-1）和 IV 型胶原酶-S（胶原酶）微注射诱导。所有组都在开放场、圆筒和梯级步行行为测试中进行评估，时间从基线到手术后 30 天（30 PS）。组织学和形态计量学分析用于评估组织丢失的体积和病变长度。目前的结果表明，两种形式的实验性中风都有类似的长期损伤模式，因为在手术后 30 天，组织丢失的体积或病变大小没有差异。然而，行为数据显示，在手术后 15 天和 30 天，出血性大鼠在熟练行走方面的损伤比缺血性大鼠小。我们认为，可比较的实验性中风设计是有用的，因为它减少了异质性，并有利于评估与中风亚型相关的神经生物学差异；并且，实验性缺血性和出血性损伤之间的自发熟练行走恢复不同。
