Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Sex Transm Dis. 2013 Mar;40(3):197-201. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318285c6d2.
Millions of cases of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) occur in the United States each year, resulting in substantial medical costs to the nation. Previous estimates of the total direct cost of STIs are quite dated. We present updated direct medical cost estimates of STIs in the United States.
We assembled recent (i.e., 2002-2011) cost estimates to determine the lifetime cost per case of 8 major STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, hepatitis B virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human papillomavirus, genital herpes simplex virus type 2, trichomoniasis and syphilis). The total direct cost for each STI was computed as the product of the number of new or newly diagnosed cases in 2008 and the estimated discounted lifetime cost per case. All costs were adjusted to 2010 US dollars.
Results indicated that the total lifetime direct medical cost of the 19.7 million cases of STIs that occurred among persons of all ages in 2008 in the United States was $15.6 (range, $11.0-$20.6) billion. Total costs were as follows: chlamydia ($516.7 [$258.3-$775.0] million), gonorrhea ($162.1 [$81.1-$243.2] million), hepatitis B virus ($50.7 [$41.3-$55.6] million), HIV ($12.6 [$9.5-$15.7] billion), human papillomavirus ($1.7 [$0.8-$2.9] billion), herpes simplex virus type 2 ($540.7 [$270.3-$811.0] million), syphilis ($39.3 [$19.6-$58.9] million), and trichomoniasis ($24.0 [$12.0-$36.0] million). Costs associated with HIV infection accounted for more than 81% of the total cost. Among the nonviral STIs, chlamydia was the most costly infection.
Sexually transmitted infections continue to impose a substantial cost burden on the payers of medical care in the United States. The burden of STIs would be even greater in the absence of STI prevention and control efforts.
每年美国都有数百万人感染性传播感染（STIs），给国家带来了巨大的医疗费用。 以前对 STI 总直接成本的估计已经相当陈旧。 我们提出了美国 STI 直接医疗费用的最新估计。
我们收集了最近（即 2002-2011 年）的成本估算，以确定 8 种主要 STI（衣原体，淋病，乙型肝炎病毒，人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），人乳头瘤病毒，生殖器单纯疱疹病毒 2 型，滴虫病和梅毒）每例病例的终生成本。 每种 STI 的总直接费用均计算为 2008 年所有年龄段新发病例或新诊断病例数与估计的每例终生折扣成本的乘积。 所有费用均按 2010 年美元进行调整。
结果表明，美国 2008 年所有年龄段的 1970 万例 STI 的终生直接医疗费用为 156 亿美元（范围为 110 亿美元至 206 亿美元）。 总成本如下：衣原体（5.167 亿美元[2.583 亿美元至 7.750 亿美元]），淋病（1.621 亿美元[8110 万美元至 2.432 亿美元]），乙型肝炎病毒（5.070 亿美元[4.130 亿美元至 5.560 亿美元]），HIV（126 亿美元[9.50 亿美元至 15.70 亿美元]），人乳头瘤病毒（17 亿美元[0.80 亿美元至 2.90 亿美元]），单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（54.07 亿美元[27.03 亿美元至 81.10 亿美元]），梅毒（3.93 亿美元[1960 万美元至 5890 万美元]）和滴虫病（24.00 亿美元[12.00 亿美元至 36.00 亿美元]）。 与 HIV 感染相关的费用占总成本的 81％以上。 在非病毒性 STI 中，衣原体是最昂贵的感染。
性传播感染继续给美国医疗保健支付者带来巨大的经济负担。 如果没有性传播感染的预防和控制措施，性传播感染的负担将会更大。
