针对沙眼衣原体的有效疫苗的研发进展。
Progress towards effective vaccines for Chlamydia trachomatis.
作者信息
Collar Amanda L, Frietze Kathryn M
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 1;38(1):54-59. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000001075. Epub 2024 Nov 20.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Effective vaccines to prevent sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection have eluded researchers for decades. However, recent studies of a promising vaccine in human trials, and emerging understanding of the complexity of the natural immune response to infection have provided hope for the eventual approval of a vaccine. This review highlights recent progress toward developing effective vaccines for Ct.
RECENT FINDINGS
In 2019, the first-in-human Ct vaccine, CTH522, Phase I/IIB trial was reported. Recent studies of this vaccine and its derivatives have further established CTH522 as the lead vaccine against sexually transmitted Ct. A variety of vaccines have entered the preclinical development pipeline, with researchers reporting efforts to target non-MOMP antigens, include novel adjuvants in vaccine formulations, and use alternative routes of administration to increase efficacy.
SUMMARY
While the approval of a vaccine for Ct is closer than ever, the need for careful consideration of future implementation is especially important for the successful clinical translation of Ct vaccines into humans.
综述目的
数十年来，研究人员一直未能研发出有效的疫苗来预防性传播的沙眼衣原体（Ct）感染。然而，近期一项有前景的疫苗在人体试验中的研究，以及对感染自然免疫反应复杂性的新认识，为疫苗最终获批带来了希望。本综述重点介绍了在研发针对Ct的有效疫苗方面的最新进展。
最新发现
2019年，首个针对人类的Ct疫苗CTH522的I/IIB期试验结果被报道。近期对该疫苗及其衍生物的研究进一步确立了CTH522作为预防性传播Ct的领先疫苗地位。多种疫苗已进入临床前研发阶段，研究人员报告了针对非主要外膜蛋白（MOMP）抗原的研究工作，包括在疫苗配方中使用新型佐剂，以及采用替代给药途径以提高疗效。
总结
虽然批准用于Ct的疫苗比以往任何时候都更接近现实，但对于将Ct疫苗成功转化为人体临床应用而言，仔细考虑未来的实施需求尤为重要。
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