Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Università Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy.
Clin Cardiol. 2013 Mar;36(3):117-24. doi: 10.1002/clc.22099. Epub 2013 Feb 13.
Increasing age and new trends of mixed populations have newly aroused interest in valvular heart disease in the developed countries still in need of new clinical insights. In the clinical setting of systemic diseases, the proper assessment of cardiovascular abnormalities may be challenging, and the characterization of valvular involvement might help to recognize the underlying disease and cardiac sequelae. Prompt identification of valvular lesions may, therefore, also be useful for differential diagnosis. This article reviews the cardiac involvement in systemic diseases from etiology and background definition to echocardiographic assessment and clinical interpretation.
随着年龄的增长和混合人群的新趋势,发达国家对瓣膜性心脏病的兴趣重新燃起,而这些国家仍然需要新的临床见解。在系统性疾病的临床环境中,正确评估心血管异常可能具有挑战性,而瓣膜受累的特征可能有助于识别潜在疾病和心脏后遗症。因此,及时识别瓣膜病变也可能有助于鉴别诊断。本文从病因和背景定义到超声心动图评估和临床解释,综述了系统性疾病中的心脏受累。