Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Artif Organs. 2013 Jul;37(7):663-70. doi: 10.1111/aor.12047. Epub 2013 Feb 18.
Presently, commercially available porous bone substitutes are manufactured by the sacrificial template method, direct foaming method, and polymer replication method (PRM). However, current manufacturing methods provide only the simplest form of the bone scaffold and cannot easily control pore size. Recent developments in medical imaging technology, computer-aided design, and solid freeform fabrication (SFF), have made it possible to accurately produce porous synthetic bone scaffolds to fit the defected bone shape. Porous scaffolds were fabricated by SFF and PRM for a comparison of physical and mechanical properties of scaffold. The suggested three-dimensional model has interconnected cubic pores of 500 μm and its calculated porosity is 25%. Whereas hydroxyapatite scaffolds fabricated by SFF had connective macropores, those by PRM formed a closed pore external surface with internally interconnected pores. SFF was supposed to be a proper method for fabricating an interconnected macroporous network. Biocompatibility was confirmed by testing the cytotoxicity, hemolysis, irritation, sensitization, and implantation. In summary, the aim was to verify the safety and efficacy of the scaffolds by biomechanical and biological tests with the hope that this research could promote the feasibility of using the scaffolds as a bone substitute.
目前，市售的多孔骨替代物是通过牺牲模板法、直接发泡法和聚合物复制法（PRM）制造的。然而，目前的制造方法仅提供了最简单的骨支架形式，并且不容易控制孔径。医学成像技术、计算机辅助设计和立体光固化成型（SFF）的最新发展使得精确制造多孔合成骨支架以适应缺陷骨形状成为可能。通过 SFF 和 PRM 制造多孔支架，以比较支架的物理和机械性能。建议的三维模型具有 500μm 的相互连接的立方孔，其计算孔隙率为 25%。而通过 SFF 制造的羟基磷灰石支架具有连通的大孔，通过 PRM 制造的支架则形成具有内部连通孔的封闭的外部表面。SFF 被认为是制造相互连通的大孔网络的合适方法。通过细胞毒性、溶血、刺激、致敏和植入试验证实了生物相容性。总之，通过生物力学和生物学测试来验证支架的安全性和有效性，希望这项研究能够促进将支架用作骨替代物的可行性。
