用于骨组织工程的无溶剂聚合物/生物陶瓷支架:制备、分析及细胞生长
Solvent-free polymer/bioceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: fabrication, analysis, and cell growth.
作者信息
Minton Joshua, Janney Cara, Akbarzadeh Rosa, Focke Carlie, Subramanian Aswati, Smith Tyler, McKinney Joseph, Liu Junyi, Schmitz James, James Paul F, Yousefi Azizeh-Mitra
机构信息
a Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering , Miami University , 650 E High Street, Oxford , OH 45056 , USA.
出版信息
J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2014;25(16):1856-74. doi: 10.1080/09205063.2014.953016. Epub 2014 Sep 2.
This study examines the potential use of porous polycaprolactone (PCL) and polycaprolocatone/hydroxyapatite (PCL/HA) scaffolds fabricated through melt molding and porogen leaching for bone tissue engineering. While eliminating organic solvents is desirable, the process steps proposed in this study for uniformly dispersing HA particles (~5 μm in size) within the scaffold can also contribute to homogeneous properties for these porous composites. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) was chosen as a porogen due to its similar density and melting point as PCL. Pore size of the scaffold was controlled by limiting the size of PCL and PEO particles used in fabrication. The percent of HA in the fabricated scaffolds was quantified by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Mechanical testing was used to compare the modulus of the scaffolds to that of bone, and the pore size distribution was examined with microcomputed tomography (μCT). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the effect on scaffold morphology caused by the addition of HA particles. Both μCT and SEM results showed that HA could be incorporated into PCL scaffolds without negatively affecting scaffold morphology or pore formation. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and elemental mapping demonstrated a uniform distribution of HA within PCL/HA scaffolds. Murine calvaria-derived MC3T3-E1 cells were used to determine whether cells could attach on scaffolds and grow for up to 21 days. SEM images revealed an increase in cell attachment with the incorporation of HA into the scaffolds. Similarly, DNA content analysis showed a higher cell adhesion to PCL/HA scaffolds.
本研究考察了通过熔融成型和致孔剂浸出法制备的多孔聚己内酯(PCL)和聚己内酯/羟基磷灰石(PCL/HA)支架在骨组织工程中的潜在应用。虽然消除有机溶剂是理想的,但本研究中提出的将HA颗粒(尺寸约为5μm)均匀分散在支架内的工艺步骤,也有助于这些多孔复合材料具有均匀的性能。由于聚环氧乙烷(PEO)的密度和熔点与PCL相似,因此被选作致孔剂。通过限制制备过程中使用的PCL和PEO颗粒的尺寸来控制支架的孔径。通过热重分析(TGA)对制备的支架中HA的百分比进行定量。使用力学测试将支架的模量与骨的模量进行比较,并用微型计算机断层扫描(μCT)检查孔径分布。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)检查添加HA颗粒对支架形态的影响。μCT和SEM结果均表明,HA可以掺入PCL支架中,而不会对支架形态或孔隙形成产生负面影响。能量色散X射线光谱(EDS)和元素映射表明HA在PCL/HA支架中分布均匀。使用源自小鼠颅骨的MC3T3-E1细胞来确定细胞是否能够附着在支架上并生长长达21天。SEM图像显示,随着HA掺入支架中,细胞附着增加。同样,DNA含量分析表明细胞对PCL/HA支架的粘附性更高。