Modern Human-Machine Systems, IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany.
Ergonomics. 2013;56(2):268-81. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2012.760752.
Anticipation of future events is crucial for driving performance and safety. The aim of this study is to assess the relevance of theoretical frameworks of response preparation (response priming, movement integration theory) for driving. In a customised lane change task, valid and invalid primes were used to indicate the direction of the forthcoming lane changes. Reaction time (RT) and phase durations from steering movements served as dependent measures. In agreement with the theoretical considerations, we found a clear effect of validity on RT and steering kinematics. RTs were faster and the duration of the initial steering phase was shorter with valid than with invalid advance information. The experimental outcomes suggest that the theoretical considerations about benefits and costs of response preparation can be generalised to driving manoeuvres. Therefore, response priming paradigms might be well suited to investigate preparatory effects of advance information, e.g. in the context of advanced driving assistance systems.
Benefits and costs of response preparation were assessed in the context of driving. The findings suggest that the understanding of preparatory processes is of relevance to enhance driving performance and safety. It is possible to derive some implications that may be useful for the design of assistance and information systems.
对未来事件的预期对驾驶表现和安全至关重要。本研究旨在评估反应准备理论框架（反应启动、运动整合理论）对驾驶的相关性。在定制的变道任务中，使用有效和无效的启动来指示即将进行的变道方向。反应时间（RT）和转向运动的相位持续时间作为因变量。与理论考虑一致，我们发现有效性对 RT 和转向运动学有明显影响。与无效的预先信息相比，有效的预先信息使 RT 更快，初始转向阶段的持续时间更短。实验结果表明，关于反应准备的收益和成本的理论考虑可以推广到驾驶操作中。因此，反应启动范式可能非常适合研究预先信息的预备效应，例如在先进驾驶辅助系统的背景下。
在驾驶环境中评估了反应准备的收益和成本。研究结果表明，对预备过程的理解对提高驾驶表现和安全性具有重要意义。有可能得出一些对辅助和信息系统设计有用的启示。
