智利19至72个月大儿童贫血患病率较低。

Low prevalence of anemia in children aged 19 to 72 months in Chile.

作者信息

Brito Alex, Hertrampf Eva, Olivares Manuel

机构信息

Micronutrients Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago.

出版信息

Food Nutr Bull. 2012 Dec;33(4):308-11. doi: 10.1177/156482651203300411.

DOI:10.1177/156482651203300411

PMID:23424897

Abstract

BACKGROUND

In 1974/75, the prevalence of anemia in Chilean preschoolers was 18.8%. Since 2000, the Chilean Ministry of Health has combated anemia through the delivery of iron-fortified milk by the National Complementary Feeding Program (NCFP).

OBJECTIVE

To determine the prevalence of anemia in children aged 19 to 72 months who are beneficiaries of the NCFP.

METHODS

A cross-sectional representative sample of 224 beneficiaries of the NCFP aged 19 to 72 months from the Santiago and Valparaiso regions was recruited.

RESULTS

The mean (+/- SD) hemoglobin concentration was 12.3 +/- 1.0 g/dL. Four percent of all children studied were anemic. In simple linear regression analysis, it was observed that hemoglobin concentration was positively correlated with age (r = 0.23, p = .001). There was no association between hemoglobin concentration and duration of breastfeeding (r = -0.12, p = .175). The prevalence of anemia among the 69% of children consuming iron-fortified milk delivered by NCFP was 2.6%, as compared with 7.1% among children not consuming iron-fortified milk (p = 0.227). Consumption of iron-fortified milk did not show a positive significant relationship with hemoglobin concentration (r = 0.063, p = .529). Similarly, multiple logistic regression did not show an association between consumption of fortified milk and anemia, after adjusting for sex, age, and breastfeeding (p = .150; OR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.95 to 0.10).

CONCLUSIONS

In 2009 anemia was not a public health problem in Chilean children aged 19 to 72 months from Santiago and Valparaiso.

摘要

背景

1974/75年，智利学龄前儿童贫血患病率为18.8%。自2000年以来，智利卫生部通过国家补充喂养计划（NCFP）提供铁强化牛奶来防治贫血。

目的

确定NCFP受益的19至72个月儿童的贫血患病率。

方法

招募了来自圣地亚哥和瓦尔帕莱索地区的224名年龄在19至72个月的NCFP受益者作为横断面代表性样本。

结果

平均（±标准差）血红蛋白浓度为12.3±1.0 g/dL。所有研究儿童中有4%贫血。在简单线性回归分析中，观察到血红蛋白浓度与年龄呈正相关（r = 0.23，p = 0.001）。血红蛋白浓度与母乳喂养持续时间之间无关联（r = -0.12，p = 0.175）。在69%饮用NCFP提供的铁强化牛奶的儿童中，贫血患病率为2.6%，而未饮用铁强化牛奶的儿童中这一比例为7.1%（p = 0.227）。饮用铁强化牛奶与血红蛋白浓度之间未显示出显著正相关（r = 0.063，p = 0.529）。同样，在对性别、年龄和母乳喂养进行调整后，多因素逻辑回归未显示强化牛奶消费与贫血之间存在关联（p = 0.150；OR = 0.98；95% CI，0.95至0.10）。