Bhan Shivam, Levine Iris, Laing Andrew C
Injury Biomechanics and Aging Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario Canada.
J Appl Biomech. 2013 Dec;29(6):731-9. doi: 10.1123/jab.29.6.731.
The biomechanical effectiveness of safety floors has never been assessed during sideways falls with human volunteers. Furthermore, the influence of body mass index (BMI) and gender on the protective capacity of safety floors is unknown. The purpose of this study was to test whether safety floors provide greater impact attenuation compared with traditional flooring, and whether BMI and gender modify their impact attenuation properties. Thirty participants (7 men and 7 women of low BMI; 7 men and 9 women of high BMI) underwent lateral pelvis release trials on 2 common floors and 4 safety floors. As a group, the safety floors reduced peak force (by up to 11.7%), and increased the time to peak force (by up to 25.5%) compared with a traditional institutional grade floor. Force attenuation was significantly higher for the low BMI group, and for males. Force attenuation was greatest for the low BMI males, averaging 26.5% (SD = 3.0) across the safety floors. These findings demonstrate an overall protective effect of safety floors during lateral falls on the pelvis, but also suggest augmented benefits for frail older adults (often with low body mass) who are at an increased risk of hip fracture.
安全地板在人体志愿者侧摔过程中的生物力学有效性从未得到评估。此外，体重指数（BMI）和性别对安全地板保护能力的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是测试安全地板与传统地板相比是否能提供更大的冲击衰减，以及BMI和性别是否会改变其冲击衰减特性。30名参与者（7名低BMI男性和7名低BMI女性；7名高BMI男性和9名高BMI女性）在2种普通地板和4种安全地板上进行了侧骨盆释放试验。与传统的机构等级地板相比，安全地板作为一个整体降低了峰值力（高达11.7%），并增加了达到峰值力的时间（高达25.5%）。低BMI组和男性的力衰减明显更高。低BMI男性的力衰减最大，在安全地板上平均为26.5%（标准差=3.0）。这些发现表明安全地板在侧摔时对骨盆具有总体保护作用，但也表明对于髋部骨折风险增加的体弱老年人（通常体重较低）有更大的益处。
