Garnefski N, van Egmond M, Straatman A
Department of Clinical Health and Personality Psychology, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1990 Mar;81(3):295-301. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb06500.x.
The influence of life stressors arising in different life stages on the severity of depression was examined in a sample of 123 depressive women, ranging from 22 to 64 years of age. In an interview, information was obtained on the incidence of certain life stressors in early and recent periods. The severity of depression was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory. The results indicate that experience of physical or sexual abuse before the age of 19 is strongly associated with severity of depression. Also, most women suffering from severe depression had previous and recent difficulties in their relationships with parents, partner or others and recent problems with self-esteem. A hypothetical model for predicting the severity of depression was evaluated. Difficulties experienced one year prior to assessment appeared to directly predict severity of depression. Difficulties with social relationships whose origin could be traced back to early periods and that had a continuing effect throughout life were found to be crucial factors for indirectly predicting the severity of depression.
在123名年龄在22岁至64岁之间的抑郁女性样本中，研究了不同生命阶段出现的生活压力源对抑郁严重程度的影响。在一次访谈中，获取了关于某些生活压力源在早期和近期的发生率的信息。使用贝克抑郁量表测量抑郁的严重程度。结果表明，19岁之前遭受身体或性虐待的经历与抑郁严重程度密切相关。此外，大多数患有严重抑郁症的女性在与父母、伴侣或其他人的关系中曾有过早期和近期的困难，以及近期的自尊问题。评估了一个预测抑郁严重程度的假设模型。评估前一年经历的困难似乎直接预测抑郁的严重程度。发现可追溯到早期且在一生中持续产生影响的社会关系困难是间接预测抑郁严重程度的关键因素。
