Lawson D M, Gala R R
Endocrinology. 1975 Feb;96(2):313-8. doi: 10.1210/endo-96-2-313.
Levels of plasma prolactin were estimated in ovariectomized, estrogen-treated rats following the systemic administration of several neural blocking and stimulating drugs. Phenoxybenzamine, an alpha-adrenergic blocker, at high doses, increased plasma prolactin. Phenotlamine, another alpha-adrenergic blocker, and propranolol, a beta-adrenergic blocker, also increased prolactin but the responses were small and transient. Clonidine, an alpha-adrenergic stimulating drug, elevated prolactin levels whereas the beta-adrenergic stimulator isoproterenol had no effect. Dopaminergic blockade by pimozide increased levels of prolactin while stimulation of dopamine receptors by apomorphine decreased prolactin release. Atropine (a muscarinic chilinergic blocker), arecoline (a muscarinic stimulator) and nicotine (a nicotinic cholinergic stimulating drug) did not affect basal prolactin levels. Mecamylamine (a nicotinic blocker) produced a small transient elevation in plasma prolactin. Methiothepin, an alleged serotoninergic blocker, markedly increased prolactin secretion, as did serotonin. The data suggested the involvement of several neurotransmitters in the control of basal secretion of prolactin.
在给卵巢切除且经雌激素处理的大鼠全身注射多种神经阻断和刺激药物后，对其血浆催乳素水平进行了评估。高剂量的α-肾上腺素能阻滞剂酚苄明可使血浆催乳素水平升高。另一种α-肾上腺素能阻滞剂酚妥拉明以及β-肾上腺素能阻滞剂普萘洛尔也能使催乳素水平升高，但反应较小且短暂。α-肾上腺素能刺激药物可乐定可提高催乳素水平，而β-肾上腺素能刺激剂异丙肾上腺素则无作用。匹莫齐特对多巴胺能的阻断作用可使催乳素水平升高，而阿扑吗啡对多巴胺受体的刺激作用则可减少催乳素释放。阿托品（一种毒蕈碱型胆碱能阻滞剂）、槟榔碱（一种毒蕈碱型刺激剂）和尼古丁（一种烟碱型胆碱能刺激药物）均不影响基础催乳素水平。美加明（一种烟碱型阻滞剂）可使血浆催乳素水平出现小幅度的短暂升高。据称是5-羟色胺能阻滞剂的甲硫哒嗪以及5-羟色胺均可显著增加催乳素分泌。这些数据表明，多种神经递质参与了催乳素基础分泌的调控。
