The University of Melbourne Audiology, Hearing and Speech Sciences 550 Swanston St, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia.
Otol Neurotol. 2013 Apr;34(3):451-9. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0b013e3182839650.
The relative impact of early intervention approach on speech perception and language skills was examined in these 3 well-matched groups of children using cochlear implants.
Eight children from an auditory verbal intervention program were identified. From a pediatric database, researchers blind to the outcome data, identified 23 children from auditory oral programs and 8 children from bilingual-bicultural programs with the same inclusion criteria and equivalent demographic factors.
All child participants were male, had congenital profound hearing loss (pure tone average >80 dBHL), no additional disabilities, were within the normal IQ range, were monolingual English speakers, had no unusual findings on computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, and received hearing aids and cochlear implants at a similar age and before 4 years of age.
Open-set speech perception (consonant-nucleus-consonant [CNC] words and Bamford-Kowal-Bench [BKB] sentences) and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) were administered.
The mean age at cochlear implant was 1.7 years (range, 0.8-3.9; SD, 0.7), mean test age was 5.4 years (range, 2.5-10.1; SD, 1.7), and mean device experience was 3.7 years (range, 0.7-7.9; SD, 1.8). Results indicate mean CNC scores of 60%, 43%, and 24% and BKB scores of 77%, 77%, and 56% for the auditory-verbal (AV), aural-oral (AO), and bilingual-bicultural (BB) groups, respectively. The mean PPVT delay was 13, 19, and 26 months for AV, AO, and BB groups, respectively.
Despite equivalent child demographic characteristics at the outset of this study, by 3 years postimplant, there were significant differences in AV, AO, and BB groups. Results support consistent emphasis on oral/aural input to achieve optimum spoken communication outcomes for children using cochlear implants.
通过对三组使用人工耳蜗的儿童进行研究，考察早期干预方法对言语感知和语言技能的相对影响。
从听觉言语干预项目中确定了 8 名儿童。研究人员从儿科数据库中选取了 23 名来自听觉口语项目和 8 名来自双语文化项目的儿童，这些儿童具有相同的纳入标准和等效的人口统计学因素，并对结果数据进行了盲法处理。
所有患儿均为男性，患有先天性重度听力损失（纯音平均听阈＞80dBHL），无其他残疾，智商正常，均为英语单语者，计算机断层扫描/磁共振成像无异常发现，且在相似年龄和 4 岁之前接受助听器和人工耳蜗植入。
采用开放式言语感知测试（辅音-核-辅音[CNC]词和班福德-科瓦尔-本奇[BKB]句子）和 Peabody 图片词汇测试（PPVT）进行评估。
人工耳蜗植入的平均年龄为 1.7 岁（范围：0.8-3.9；标准差：0.7），平均测试年龄为 5.4 岁（范围：2.5-10.1；标准差：1.7），平均设备使用年限为 3.7 年（范围：0.7-7.9；标准差：1.8）。结果显示，听觉言语（AV）、听觉口语（AO）和双语文化（BB）组的 CNC 得分分别为 60%、43%和 24%，BKB 得分分别为 77%、77%和 56%。AV、AO 和 BB 组的平均 PPVT 延迟分别为 13、19 和 26 个月。
尽管在这项研究开始时，三组患儿的人口统计学特征相当，但在植入后 3 年，AV、AO 和 BB 三组之间存在显著差异。结果支持在使用人工耳蜗的儿童中，持续强调口语/听觉输入，以实现最佳口语交流效果。
