Crop Production, National Research Centre for Banana Trichy, India.
Front Physiol. 2013 Feb 7;4:9. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00009. eCollection 2013.
Drought has emerged as one of the major constraints in banana production. Its effects are pronounced substantially in the tropics and sub-tropics of the world due to climate change. Bananas are quite sensitive to drought; however, genotypes with "B" genome are more tolerant to abiotic stresses than those solely based on "A" genome. In particular, bananas with "ABB" genomes are more tolerant to drought and other abiotic stresses than other genotypes. A good phenotyping plan is a prerequisite for any improvement program for targeted traits. In the present article, known drought tolerant traits of other crop plants are validated in bananas with different genomic backgrounds and presented. Since, banana is recalcitrant to breeding, strategies for making hybrids between different genomic backgrounds are also discussed. Stomatal conductance, cell membrane stability (CMS), leaf emergence rate, rate of leaf senescence, RWC, and bunch yield under soil moisture deficit stress are some of the traits associated with drought tolerance. Among these stress bunch yield under drought should be given top priority for phenotyping. In the light of recently released Musa genome draft sequence, the molecular breeders may have interest in developing molecular markers for drought resistance.
干旱已成为香蕉生产的主要限制因素之一。由于气候变化，其影响在世界热带和亚热带地区更为显著。香蕉对干旱相当敏感；然而，具有“B”基因组的基因型比仅基于“A”基因组的基因型对非生物胁迫更具耐受性。特别是，具有“ABB”基因组的香蕉比其他基因型更能耐受干旱和其他非生物胁迫。良好的表型分析计划是针对目标性状进行任何改良计划的前提。在本文中，验证了具有不同基因组背景的香蕉中其他作物的已知耐旱特性，并进行了介绍。由于香蕉对育种具有抗性，因此还讨论了在不同基因组背景之间制造杂种的策略。气孔导度、细胞膜稳定性 (CMS)、叶片出芽率、叶片衰老率、RWC 和土壤水分亏缺胁迫下的束产量是与耐旱性相关的一些特性。在这些胁迫下，干旱下的束产量应该是表型分析的首要任务。根据最近发布的 Musa 基因组草案序列，分子育种者可能有兴趣开发用于抗旱性的分子标记。
