Helaly Mohamed N, El-Hoseiny Hanan M, Elsheery Nabil I, Kalaji Hazem M, de Los Santos-Villalobos Sergio, Wróbel Jacek, Hassan Islam F, Gaballah Maybelle S, Abdelrhman Lamyaa A, Mira Amany M, Alam-Eldein Shamel M
Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
Horticulture Department, Faculty of Desert and Environmental Agriculture, Matrouh University, Fouka 51511, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Mar 10;11(6):743. doi: 10.3390/plants11060743.
Plant growth, development, and productivity are adversely affected under drought conditions. Previous findings indicated that 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) play an important role in the plant response to adverse environmental conditions. This study demonstrated the role of ALA and EBL on oxidative stress and photosynthetic capacity of drought-stressed 'Williams' banana grown under the Egyptian semi-arid conditions. Exogenous application of either ALA or EBL at concentrations of 15, 30, and 45 mg·L significantly restored plant photosynthetic activity and increased productivity under reduced irrigation; this was equivalent to 75% of the plant's total water requirements. Both compounds significantly reduced drought-induced oxidative damages by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase 'SOD', catalase 'CAT', and peroxidase 'POD') and preserving chloroplast structure. Lipid peroxidation, electrolyte loss and free non-radical HO formation in the chloroplast were noticeably reduced compared to the control, but chlorophyll content and photosynthetic oxygen evolution were increased. Nutrient uptake, auxin and cytokinin levels were also improved with the reduced abscisic acid levels. The results indicated that ALA and EBL could reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and maintain the stability of the chloroplast membrane structure under drought stress. This study suggests that the use of ALA or EBL at 30 mg·L can promote the growth, productivity and fruit quality of drought-stressed banana plants.
在干旱条件下，植物的生长、发育和生产力会受到不利影响。先前的研究结果表明，5-氨基乙酰丙酸（ALA）和24-表油菜素内酯（EBL）在植物应对不利环境条件中发挥着重要作用。本研究证明了ALA和EBL对在埃及半干旱条件下生长的干旱胁迫‘威廉姆斯’香蕉的氧化应激和光合能力的作用。在减少灌溉条件下，以15、30和45 mg·L的浓度外源施用ALA或EBL均能显著恢复植物的光合活性并提高生产力；这相当于植物总需水量的75%。两种化合物均通过提高抗氧化酶活性（超氧化物歧化酶‘SOD’、过氧化氢酶‘CAT’和过氧化物酶‘POD’）和维持叶绿体结构，显著降低了干旱诱导的氧化损伤。与对照相比，叶绿体中的脂质过氧化、电解质损失和游离非自由基HO的形成明显减少，但叶绿素含量和光合放氧量增加。营养吸收、生长素和细胞分裂素水平也随着脱落酸水平的降低而提高。结果表明，ALA和EBL可以减少活性氧的积累，并在干旱胁迫下维持叶绿体膜结构的稳定性。本研究表明，以30 mg·L的浓度使用ALA或EBL可以促进干旱胁迫下香蕉植株的生长、生产力和果实品质。
