Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Apr;97(4):886-95. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.041632. Epub 2013 Feb 27.
Reducing fruit and vegetable (F&V) prices is a frequently considered policy to improve dietary habits in the context of health promotion. However, evidence on the effectiveness of this intervention is limited.
The objective was to examine the effects of a 50% price discount on F&Vs or nutrition education or a combination of both on supermarket purchases.
A 6-mo randomized controlled trial within Dutch supermarkets was conducted. Regular supermarket shoppers were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 conditions: 50% price discounts on F&Vs, nutrition education, 50% price discounts plus nutrition education, or no intervention. A total of 199 participants provided baseline data; 151 (76%) were included in the final analysis. F&V purchases were measured by using supermarket register receipts at baseline, at 1 mo after the start of the intervention, at 3 mo, at 6 mo (end of the intervention period), and 3 mo after the intervention ended (9 mo).
Adjusted multilevel models showed significantly higher F&V purchases (per household/2 wk) as a result of the price discount (+3.9 kg; 95% CI: 1.5, 6.3 kg) and the discount plus education intervention (+5.6 kg; 95% CI: 3.2, 7.9 kg) at 6 mo compared with control. Moreover, the percentage of participants who consumed recommended amounts of F&Vs (≥400 g/d) increased from 42.5% at baseline to 61.3% at 6 mo in both discount groups (P = 0.03). Education alone had no significant effect.
Discounting F&Vs is a promising intervention strategy because it resulted in substantially higher F&V purchases, and no adverse effects were observed. Therefore, pricing strategies form an important focus for future interventions or policy. However, the long-term effects and the ultimate health outcomes require further investigation. This trial was registered at the ISRCTN Trial Register as number ISRCTN56596945 and at the Dutch Trial Register (http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/index.asp) as number NL22568.029.08.
在促进健康的背景下，降低水果和蔬菜（F&V）的价格是改善饮食习惯的常用策略。然而，这种干预措施的有效性证据有限。
本研究旨在检验 50%的 F&V 价格折扣、营养教育或两者结合对超市购买行为的影响。
在荷兰的超市内进行了一项为期 6 个月的随机对照试验。定期在超市购物的消费者被随机分配到 4 个条件之一：F&V 价格 50%折扣、营养教育、50%价格折扣加营养教育或无干预。共有 199 名参与者提供了基线数据；151 名（76%）被纳入最终分析。在基线、干预开始后 1 个月、3 个月、6 个月（干预结束时）和干预结束后 3 个月（9 个月），使用超市收银收据来测量 F&V 的购买量。
调整后的多层模型显示，与对照组相比，价格折扣（每户/2 周增加 3.9 公斤；95%CI：1.5，6.3 公斤）和折扣加教育干预（增加 5.6 公斤；95%CI：3.2，7.9 公斤）在 6 个月时显著增加了 F&V 的购买量。此外，在两个折扣组中，食用推荐量的 F&V（≥400 克/天）的参与者比例从基线时的 42.5%增加到 6 个月时的 61.3%（P=0.03）。单独的教育干预没有显著效果。
折扣 F&V 是一种很有前途的干预策略，因为它显著增加了 F&V 的购买量，且未观察到不良反应。因此，定价策略是未来干预措施或政策的重要关注点。然而，长期效果和最终的健康结果需要进一步研究。本试验在 ISRCTN 试验注册中心注册，编号为 ISRCTN56596945，在荷兰试验注册中心（http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/index.asp）注册，编号为 NL22568.029.08。
