Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2013 Feb;106(1):64-72. doi: 10.1603/ec10441.
Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri (Moulton) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a plant-feeding pest most widely recognized for causing damage to citrus (Citrus spp. L. [Rutaceae]) and mango (Mangifera indica L. [Anacardiaceae]) fruits. This insect has recently broadened its known host range to become a significant pest of California grown blueberries. Avocado thrips, Scirtothrips. perseae Nakahara (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a recent, invasive pest of California avocados, Persea americana Mill. (Laurales: Lauraceae). Effective alternatives to traditional pesticides are desirable for both pests to reduce impacts on natural enemies and broaden control options in an effort to minimize pesticide resistance via rotation of control materials. We evaluated Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) subsp. israelensis proteins (Cyt 1A and Cry 11A, activated and inactivated) and multiple strains (GHA, 1741ss, SFBb1, S44ss, NI1ss, and 3769ss) of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin against both species. Avocado thrips and citrus thrips were not susceptible to either Bt protein tested, regardless of activation status. All strains of B. bassiana were able to infect both avocado thrips and citrus thrips. However, the commercially available GHA strain was the most effective strain against both species and had a faster rate of infection then the other strains tested. Citrus thrips were more susceptible than avocado thrips to all B. bassiana strains (LC50 and LC95 of 8.6 x 10(4) and 4.8 x 10(6) conidia per ml for citrus thrips, respectively). Investigation of citrus thrips field control using the GHA strain of B. bassiana is therefore justified.
柑橘蓟马，Scirtothrips citri（Moulton）（缨翅目：蓟马科），是一种以对柑橘（Citrus spp. L. [芸香科]）和芒果（Mangifera indica L. [漆树科]）果实造成损害而广为人知的植物食性害虫。这种昆虫最近扩大了其已知的宿主范围，成为加利福尼亚蓝莓种植中的重要害虫。鳄梨蓟马，Scirtothrips. perseae Nakahara（缨翅目：蓟马科），是加利福尼亚鳄梨的一种新入侵害虫，鳄梨 Persea americana Mill.（樟目：樟科）。为了减少对天敌的影响，并扩大控制选择，以努力通过轮换控制材料来最小化抗药性，理想情况下需要替代传统杀虫剂的有效替代品。我们评估了苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）亚种以色列亚种蛋白（Cyt 1A 和 Cry 11A，激活和非激活）和多个菌株（GHA、1741ss、SFBb1、S44ss、NI1ss 和 3769ss）对这两种蓟马的防治效果。鳄梨蓟马和柑橘蓟马对测试的任何一种 Bt 蛋白均不敏感，无论其激活状态如何。所有的球孢白僵菌菌株都能够感染鳄梨蓟马和柑橘蓟马。然而，市售的 GHA 菌株对这两种蓟马最有效，感染速度比测试的其他菌株都快。柑橘蓟马比鳄梨蓟马对所有球孢白僵菌菌株（柑橘蓟马的 LC50 和 LC95 分别为 8.6 x 10(4) 和 4.8 x 10(6)个分生孢子/ml）更敏感。因此，有理由对使用 GHA 菌株的球孢白僵菌进行柑橘蓟马田间控制的研究。
