三种抗组胺药对组胺诱导的瘙痒的抑制作用。

Suppression of histamine-induced pruritus by three antihistaminic drugs.

作者信息

Rhoades R B, Leifer K N, Cohan R, Wittig H J

出版信息

J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1975 Mar;55(3):180-5. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(75)90014-7.

Abstract

A double-blind crossover study of inhibition of histamine-induced pruritus by three commonly prescribed antihistamines was conducted on 28 normal subjects. Drugs used included diphenhydramine HCl (Benadryl), cyproheptadine (Periactin), hydroxyzine HCl (Atarax), and a lactose placebo in identical capsules. Intradermal histamine dose-response thresholds of pruritus were obtained before and after pretreatment with the three antihistamines and placebo in each subject. Analysis of data revealed a fivefold increase above baseline of the histamine dose required to produce pruritus following both cyproheptadine and placebo. This compared to a tenfold increase following diphenhydramine and a 750-fold increase following hydroxyzine HCl. The most common side effect was drowsiness, which occurred with all three drugs.

摘要

对28名正常受试者进行了一项双盲交叉研究，以评估三种常用抗组胺药对组胺诱导瘙痒的抑制作用。所用药物包括盐酸苯海拉明（苯那君）、赛庚啶（periactin）、盐酸羟嗪（atarax），以及装在相同胶囊中的乳糖安慰剂。在每位受试者分别用这三种抗组胺药和安慰剂进行预处理前后，测定皮内组胺致痒剂量-反应阈值。数据分析显示，赛庚啶和安慰剂处理后，引起瘙痒所需的组胺剂量比基线增加了五倍。相比之下，苯海拉明处理后增加了十倍，盐酸羟嗪处理后增加了750倍。最常见的副作用是嗜睡，这三种药物都出现了这种情况。