Department of Plant Biology & Pathology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Mycologia. 2013 Jul-Aug;105(4):1019-29. doi: 10.3852/12-359. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
The phylogenetic relationships among taxa in the Magnaporthaceae are investigated based on DNA sequences of multiple genes including SSU, ITS, LSU, MCM7, RPB1 and TEF1. The genera Magnaporthe and Gaeumannomyces are shown to be polyphyletic and their members are divided into four major groups based on the phylogenetic analyses. Considering morphological, biological and molecular data, we establish a new genus, Magnaporthiopsis. It is characterized by black and globose perithecia with a cylindrical neck, two-layered perithecial wall, clavate asci with a refractive apical ring, fusiform to fusoid and septate ascospores, simple hyphopodia, and Phialophora-like anamorph. Species in this genus are necrotrophic parasites infecting roots of grasses. Three new combinations, Magnaporthiopsis poae, M. rhizophila and M. incrustans, are proposed accordingly. Pyricularia is suggested as the generic name for the rice blast fungus over Magnaporthe, following Article 59.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants. A new combination, Nakataea oryzae, is proposed for the rice stem rot fungus.
基于 SSU、ITS、LSU、MCM7、RPB1 和 TEF1 等多个基因的 DNA 序列，对Magnaporthaceae 分类群之间的系统发育关系进行了研究。结果表明，Magnaporthe 和 Gaeumannomyces 是多系的，其成员根据系统发育分析分为四个主要组。考虑到形态学、生物学和分子数据，我们建立了一个新属，Magnaporthiopsis。它的特点是黑色的球形子囊壳，有一个圆柱形的颈，双层子囊壳壁，具折射顶环的棍棒状子囊，梭形到梭形并分隔的子囊孢子，简单的吸器，以及类似 Phialophora 的无性态。该属的种是侵染禾本科植物根的坏死性寄生虫。因此，提出了三个新的组合，Magnaporthiopsis poae、M. rhizophila 和 M. incrustans。根据藻类、真菌和植物国际命名法规第 59.1 条，建议将 Pyricularia 作为稻瘟病菌的属名，取代 Magnaporthe。提出了一个新的组合，Nakataea oryzae，用于稻茎腐病菌。
