Immunization and Infectious Disease, Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, Arlington, Virginia (Mss Dolen and Talkington); and Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs Bhatt and Rodewald).
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2013 Nov-Dec;19(6):582-8. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0b013e318271c738.
Advisory committees have the potential to play a critical role in decision making and implementation at the state level. Many states have advisory committees for their immunization programs to assist in decision making on topics such as implementing new vaccines in their states, school and childcare requirements and exemptions and addressing concerns about vaccine safety.
This article describes how immunization advisory committees work; their roles, formation, organization, and structure; membership; the issues they address; and their benefit to state immunization programs.
In 2011, the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, conducted an online survey of immunization program managers to determine which states have immunization advisory committees, how these committees function, and the perceived benefits of the committees to state immunization programs. Follow-up half-hour telephone interviews were conducted with 5 states to gain in-depth information on specific advisory committees.
One hundred percent of states and 3 territories responded, giving an overall response rate of 91%. Thirty-four of the 53 respondents (64%) reported having an advisory committee for immunization issues. Membership is composed of physicians, public health representatives, and nurses as well as public advocates and members of the public. States reported a variety of issues their committee has worked on; the most frequently mentioned issue was school and childcare vaccination requirements. Others included immunization information systems and vaccination of health care personnel.
Overall, states with immunization advisory committees reported that the committees were helpful on issues faced by the program and worth the time and monetary commitment. Given the reported benefits of state immunization advisory committees and the complex program and policy decisions that states face in the dynamic immunization environment, additional states may want to consider establishing immunization advisory committees.
咨询委员会有可能在州一级的决策和实施中发挥关键作用。许多州都有免疫计划咨询委员会，以协助就新疫苗在本州的推广、学校和儿童保育要求和豁免以及解决疫苗安全问题等议题做出决策。
本文描述了免疫咨询委员会的运作方式；其角色、组成、组织和结构；成员；他们所处理的问题；以及对州免疫计划的好处。
2011 年，州和地区卫生官员协会与疾病控制和预防中心合作，对免疫项目管理人员进行了在线调查，以确定哪些州有免疫咨询委员会、这些委员会如何运作以及委员会对州免疫计划的好处。随后对 5 个州进行了半小时的电话访谈，以深入了解特定的咨询委员会。
100%的州和 3 个地区做出了回应，总体回应率为 91%。53 名受访者中有 34 名（64%）报告说有一个免疫问题咨询委员会。成员由医生、公共卫生代表和护士以及公众倡导者和公众组成。各州报告了委员会处理的各种问题；最常提到的问题是学校和儿童保育疫苗接种要求。其他问题包括免疫信息系统和医务人员的疫苗接种。
总体而言，有免疫咨询委员会的州报告称，委员会在该计划面临的问题上很有帮助，并且值得花费时间和金钱。鉴于州免疫咨询委员会的报告益处以及各州在充满活力的免疫环境中面临的复杂计划和政策决策，可能有更多的州希望考虑设立免疫咨询委员会。
