Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2013 Jul 1;188:144-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.02.006. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
The teneurin C-terminal associated peptides (TCAP) are found at the extracellular face in C-terminal region of the teneurin transmembrane proteins. One of these peptides, TCAP-1 is independently transcribed as a smaller bioactive peptide that possesses a number of stress response-attenuating activities. The teneurin-TCAP system appears to be the result of a horizontal gene transfer from a prokaryotic proteinaceous polymorphic toxin to a choanoflagellate. In a basal metazoan, the TCAP region has been modified from a toxin to a soluble intercellular signaling system. New studies indicate that the teneurin-TCAP system form a complex signaling system associated with adhesion, cytoskeletal regulation and intracellular signaling. TCAP-1 is highly conserved in all vertebrates and in mammals, inhibits corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-associated stress. Using the TCAP-teneurin system as a model, it is likely that numerous peptide systems in the Chordata began as a result of horizontal gene transfer from prokaryotes early in metazoan ancestry.
连接蛋白 C 端相关肽（TCAP）位于连接蛋白跨膜蛋白 C 端区域的细胞外表面。这些肽中的一种，TCAP-1 作为一个较小的具有多种应激反应减弱活性的生物活性肽独立转录。连接蛋白-TCAP 系统似乎是原核蛋白多态性毒素向领鞭毛虫的水平基因转移的结果。在一个基础的后生动物中，TCAP 区域已从毒素修饰为可溶性细胞间信号系统。新的研究表明，连接蛋白-TCAP 系统形成与黏附、细胞骨架调节和细胞内信号相关的复杂信号系统。TCAP-1 在所有脊椎动物和哺乳动物中高度保守，抑制促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（CRF）相关应激。使用 TCAP-连接蛋白系统作为模型，很可能在脊索动物早期，许多肽系统是由于原核生物的水平基因转移而开始的。
