HEC Paris School of Management, 1, Rue de la Libération, 78351 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Cognition. 2013 May;127(2):220-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2013.01.001. Epub 2013 Mar 1.
Due to basic processes of psychological essentialism and contagion, one particular token of monetary currency is not always interchangeable with another piece of currency of equal economic value. When money loses its physical form it is perceived as "not quite the same" money (i.e., to have partly lost the original essence that distinguished it from other monetary tokens), diminishing its intuitive link with its original owner. Participants were less likely to recommend stolen or lost money be returned when it had been subsequently deposited in an electronic bank account, as opposed to retaining its original physical form (Studies 1a and 1b). Conversely, an intuitive sense of ownership is enhanced through physical contact with a piece of hard currency. Participants felt the piece of currency a person had originally lost should be returned to him rather than another piece of currency of equivalent value, even when they did not believe he would be able to tell the difference and considered distinguishing it from other money illogical. This effect was reduced when the currency had been sterilized, wiping it clean of all physical traces of its previous owner (Studies 2a, 2b, and 3).
由于心理本质主义和传染的基本过程，一种特定的货币代币并不总是与另一种具有同等经济价值的货币代币互换。当货币失去其物理形式时，它被视为“不完全相同”的货币（即，它部分失去了将其与其他货币代币区分开来的原始本质），从而削弱了它与原始所有者的直观联系。与保留其原始物理形式（研究 1a 和 1b）相比，当被盗或丢失的货币随后存入电子银行账户时，参与者不太可能建议将其归还，因为它已经失去了其原始物理形式。相反，通过与硬通货进行物理接触，可以增强对所有权的直观感觉。参与者认为，应该将一个人最初丢失的货币归还给失主，而不是归还另一枚具有同等价值的货币，即使他们认为失主无法分辨出区别，并且认为将其与其他货币区分开来是不合逻辑的。当货币被消毒时，这种效果会降低，因为它抹去了所有与前主人有关的物理痕迹（研究 2a、2b 和 3）。
