Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e56688. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056688. Epub 2013 Feb 15.
There are many discussions about dyslexia based on studies conducted in western countries, and some risk factors to dyslexia, such as gender and home literacy environment, have been widely accepted based on these studies. However, to our knowledge, there are few studies focusing on the risk factors of dyslexia in China. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of dyslexia and its potential risk factors.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Qianjiang, a city in Hubei province, China. Two stages sampling strategy was applied to randomly selected 5 districts and 9 primary schools in Qianjiang. In total, 6,350 students participated in this study and there were 5,063 valid student questionnaires obtained for the final analyses. Additional questionnaires (such as Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children and Pupil Rating Scale) were used to identify dyslexic children. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were employed to reveal the potential risk factors to dyslexia.
Our study revealed that the prevalence of dyslexia was 3.9% in Qianjiang city, which is a middle-sized city in China. Among dyslexic children, the gender ratio (boys to girls) was nearly 3∶1. According to the P-value in the multivariate logistic regression, the gender (P<0.01), mother's education level (P<0.01), and learning habits (P<0.01) (active learning, scheduled reading time) were associated with dyslexia.
The prevalence rate of dyslexic children in middle-sized cities is 3.9%. The potential risk factors of dyslexic children revealed in this study will have a great impact on detecting and treating dyslexic children in China as early as possible, although more studies are still needed to further investigate the risk factors of dyslexic children in China.
基于西方国家的研究，有许多关于阅读障碍的讨论，并且一些阅读障碍的风险因素，如性别和家庭文化环境，已被广泛接受。然而，据我们所知，在中国，针对阅读障碍风险因素的研究较少。因此，我们的研究目的是调查阅读障碍的流行情况及其潜在的风险因素。
本研究采用横断面研究设计，在中国湖北省潜江市进行。采用两阶段抽样策略，在潜江市随机抽取了 5 个区和 9 所小学。共有 6350 名学生参加了这项研究，最终有 5063 份有效学生问卷用于最终分析。使用《中国儿童诵读障碍检查表》和《学生评定量表》等附加问卷来识别诵读障碍儿童。采用卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归分析来揭示阅读障碍的潜在风险因素。
本研究显示，潜江市阅读障碍的患病率为 3.9%，潜江市是中国的一个中型城市。在阅读障碍儿童中，男女比例（男对女）接近 3∶1。根据多因素逻辑回归中的 P 值，性别（P<0.01）、母亲的受教育程度（P<0.01）和学习习惯（主动学习、有规律的阅读时间）（P<0.01）与阅读障碍有关。
中型城市阅读障碍儿童的患病率为 3.9%。本研究揭示的阅读障碍儿童的潜在风险因素，将对尽早发现和治疗中国的阅读障碍儿童产生重大影响，尽管还需要更多的研究来进一步探讨中国阅读障碍儿童的风险因素。
