脊髓损伤后继发性健康状况和死亡率的理论风险与预防模型：15年研究
Theoretical Risk and Prevention Model for Secondary Health Conditions and Mortality After SCI: 15 Years of Research.
作者信息
Krause James S, Saunders Lee L, DiPiro Nicole D, Reed Karla S
机构信息
Department of Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina.
出版信息
Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2013 Winter;19(1):15-24. doi: 10.1310/sci1901-15.
BACKGROUND
To successfully prevent secondary health conditions (SHCs) and promote longevity after spinal cord injury (SCI), we must first understand the risk factors precipitating their occurrence and develop strategies to address these risk factors. Conceptual models may aid in identifying the nature of SHCs and guide research, clinical practice, and the development of prevention strategies.
OBJECTIVE
Our purpose is to review and refine an existing theoretical risk and prevention model (TRPM) as a means of classifying risk and protective factors for SHCs and mortality after SCI and for identifying points of intervention.
METHODS
We describe conceptual work within the field of SCI research and SHCs, including a description of the TRPM, a review of research using the TRPM, and conceptual enhancements to the TRPM based on previous research.
CONCLUSIONS
The enhanced TRPM directs research to the timing and chronicity of the SHCs and their relationship with overall health and physiologic decline. Future research should identify differences in the nature of SHCs, the extent to which they relate to risk and protective factors, and the degree to which they may be prevented with appropriate research-based strategies.
背景
为了成功预防脊髓损伤（SCI）后的继发性健康问题（SHC）并延长寿命，我们必须首先了解引发这些问题的风险因素，并制定应对这些风险因素的策略。概念模型可能有助于确定SHC的性质，并指导研究、临床实践以及预防策略的制定。
目的
我们的目的是回顾和完善现有的理论风险与预防模型（TRPM），以此对SCI后SHC和死亡率的风险及保护因素进行分类，并确定干预点。
方法
我们描述了SCI研究和SHC领域内的概念性工作，包括TRPM的描述、使用TRPM的研究综述，以及基于先前研究对TRPM的概念性改进。
结论
改进后的TRPM将研究方向指向SHC的发生时间和病程，以及它们与整体健康和生理衰退的关系。未来的研究应确定SHC性质的差异、它们与风险和保护因素的关联程度，以及通过适当的基于研究的策略可预防的程度。
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