Xie Ling-Ling, Jiang Li
Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
Brain Dev. 2014 Feb;36(2):153-8. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2013.02.003. Epub 2013 Mar 1.
To study the characteristics of pediatric arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) in southwest of China, and analyze the etiology and risk factor. This study retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients in both department of neurology and department of neurosurgery in Children's hospital of Chongqing medical university from January 2003 to March 2011, and patients were eligible for analysis if they had been diagnosed with AIS or HS. And SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The χ(2) test was used to exam relationships between stroke types and sex, age, and that between neuroradiological images and sex. 119 Boys (70.4%) and 50 girls (29.6%) were included. In these cases, HS accounted for the majority of the cases (n=109, 64.1%), and vitamin K deficiency was a major etiology in 65 out of 109 HS (59.6%), most of which occurred in breastfeeding infants (87.7%) and those who received no vitamin K after birth. AIS accounted for 35.3% of the cases, and minor head injury associated stroke (40.0%) was more common than vasculopathy associated stroke (16.6%) and other kinds of stroke. HS in children is more common than AIS. Vitamin K deficiency was a major etiology in these young infants who experienced HS, and many cases of AIS were associated with minor head injury.
为研究中国西南部儿童动脉缺血性卒中（AIS）和出血性卒中（HS）的特点，并分析其病因及危险因素。本研究回顾性分析了重庆医科大学附属儿童医院2003年1月至2011年3月神经内科和神经外科所有患者的病历，确诊为AIS或HS的患者纳入分析。采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。采用χ(2)检验分析卒中类型与性别、年龄以及神经影像学表现与性别的关系。共纳入119例男孩（70.4%）和50例女孩（29.6%）。在这些病例中，HS占多数（n = 109，64.1%），109例HS中有65例（59.6%）的主要病因是维生素K缺乏，其中大多数发生在母乳喂养的婴儿（87.7%）和出生后未补充维生素K的婴儿。AIS占病例的35.3%，轻度头部损伤相关性卒中（40.0%）比血管病变相关性卒中（16.6%）和其他类型的卒中更常见。儿童HS比AIS更常见。维生素K缺乏是这些发生HS的幼儿的主要病因，许多AIS病例与轻度头部损伤有关。
