Tyl J, Matĕjcek Z, Albrecht V, Beránková A, Kotĕsovec F, Machovská E, Raifová L, Dytrych Z, Gebhart J A, Srám R J
Výzkumný ústav psychiatrický, Praha.
Cesk Psychiatr. 1990 Feb;86(1):27-36.
The authors inform on the elaboration of a screening method for recording of symptoms of minimal brain dysfunction and its initial verification in the research problem "Incidence of signs of minimal brain dysfunctions in children in the North Bohemian region". In the first stage a population group of children in the second form of primary school in three districts was examined, a total of 5080 children, and data were assembled from their 9000 parents. The authors describe the elaboration of the method which comprises rating scales which evaluate specific striking features in the behaviour, dysfunction in school skills (the forms were completed by teachers and mothers) and performance tests administered by the children themselves. Results of statistical analyses which confirmed the satisfactory consistency, composition, empirical and postdictive validity of the method are presented. The analyses revealed that the method used detects disorders included under the term of minimal brain dysfunctions and probably also disorders with the incidence of some identical symptoms (disorders of intellect, behavioural disorders in the wider sense of the word). The authors inform on the method of calculation and the ratio of the detected problem child population which was 14.8%. The group comprises 4.8% children which were unable to keep up with the first form of primary school and attend some special school. The method used detected, however, another 10% population with identical values. The authors discuss problems of screening diagnosis of specific developmental learning and behavioural disorders which form part of minimal brain dysfunctions. Problems associated with the evaluation of the assembled findings are discussed.
作者介绍了一种用于记录轻微脑功能障碍症状的筛查方法的制定过程，以及该方法在“北波希米亚地区儿童轻微脑功能障碍体征的发病率”这一研究课题中的初步验证情况。在第一阶段，对三个区小学二年级的儿童群体进行了检查，共计5080名儿童，并从他们的9000名家长那里收集了数据。作者描述了该方法的制定过程，其中包括评估行为中特定显著特征的评定量表、学校技能方面的功能障碍（表格由教师和母亲填写）以及儿童自己进行的能力测试。文中呈现了统计分析结果，这些结果证实了该方法具有令人满意的一致性、构成、实证效度和预测效度。分析表明，所使用的方法能够检测出包含在轻微脑功能障碍这一术语下的障碍，可能还能检测出一些具有相同症状发生率的障碍（智力障碍、广义的行为障碍）。作者介绍了计算方法以及所检测出的问题儿童群体的比例，该比例为14.8%。该群体中有4.8%的儿童无法跟上小学一年级的学习进度，而进入了一些特殊学校。然而，所使用的方法还检测出了另外10%具有相同情况的人群。作者讨论了作为轻微脑功能障碍一部分的特定发育性学习和行为障碍的筛查诊断问题。还讨论了与所收集结果评估相关的问题。
