University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2013 May;54:32-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.01.015. Epub 2013 Feb 12.
Aboriginal people in Australia have higher rates of transport injury than non-Aboriginal people, but a greater proportion of Aboriginal people live in rural or remote areas where risk of these injuries is higher. This paper investigated the contributing effect of geography on the relationship between Aboriginality and road transport injury rates in the state of New South Wales. Linked hospital admission and mortality records for individuals for the years 2001-2007 were grouped into distinct injury events. Multilevel Poisson regression was used to examine disparities in injury rates between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people clustered within geographic areas of residence. Overall, Aboriginal people had higher rates of road transport injuries (IRR: 1.18, 95% CIs: 1.09-1.28). However, there was no significant difference when geographic clustering was taken into account (IRR: 1.00, 95% CIs: 0.96-1.04). This effect was further influenced by mode of transport for the injury, with Aboriginal people having higher rates of pedestrian (IRR: 1.96, 95% CIs: 1.75-2.19) and lower rates of motorcycle (IRR: 0.64, 95% CIs: 0.59-0.70) injuries in all almost all local areas, while there was no systematic pattern across geographic areas for small vehicle injuries (IRR: 1.01, 95% CIs: 0.94-1.08). Geography plays an important role in the population disparity of road transport injuries between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people, and has a differential impact for different types of road transport injury. Exploring how individual and geographic factors influence patterns of disparity allows for clearer targeting of future intervention strategies.
澳大利亚原住民的交通伤害发生率高于非原住民，但更大比例的原住民居住在农村或偏远地区，这些地区发生这些伤害的风险更高。本文研究了地理因素对新南威尔士州原住民和非原住民之间道路交通事故发生率关系的影响。将 2001 年至 2007 年期间的个人住院和死亡记录分组为不同的伤害事件。使用多水平泊松回归来检查在居住地理区域内聚类的原住民和非原住民之间的伤害率差异。总体而言，原住民的道路交通事故发生率更高（IRR：1.18，95%CI：1.09-1.28）。然而，当考虑到地理聚类时，差异并不显著（IRR：1.00，95%CI：0.96-1.04）。这种影响进一步受到伤害发生时的交通方式的影响，原住民的行人（IRR：1.96，95%CI：1.75-2.19）受伤率更高，而摩托车（IRR：0.64，95%CI：0.59-0.70）受伤率更低，在几乎所有地方区域都是如此，而在地理区域之间，小型车辆（IRR：1.01，95%CI：0.94-1.08）受伤率则没有系统的模式。地理因素在原住民和非原住民之间的道路交通事故发生率的人群差异中起着重要作用，并且对不同类型的道路交通事故具有不同的影响。探索个体和地理因素如何影响差异模式，可以更明确地确定未来干预策略的目标。
