认知能力与抑郁的关系：纵向数据分析。
The relationship between cognitive ability and depression: a longitudinal data analysis.
机构信息
Department of Educational Psychology, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97301, Waco, TX, 76798-7301, USA,
出版信息
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2013 Dec;48(12):1983-92. doi: 10.1007/s00127-013-0668-0. Epub 2013 Mar 9.
PURPOSE
There is literature indicating cognitive ability and depression are related, but few studies have examined the direction of the relationship. This study examined the relationship between depression levels and cognitive abilities from adolescence to early adulthood.
METHODS
Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n = 14,322), this study used path modeling to investigate the relationship between depression and cognitive ability at baseline and again 8 years later.
RESULTS
After controlling for initial levels of depression, cognitive ability, and other covariates, depressive symptoms in adolescence are related to cognitive ability in early adulthood, but adolescent cognitive ability is not related to adult depression levels. Moreover, after controlling for adolescent levels of depression and cognitive ability, the cognitive ability-depression relationship disappears in adulthood.
CONCLUSIONS
The cognitive ability-depression relationship appears early in life, and it is likely that the presence of depressive symptoms leads to lower cognitive ability. Thus, intervening at early signs of depression not only can help alleviate depression, but will likely have an effect of cognitive ability as well.
目的
有文献表明认知能力与抑郁有关，但很少有研究探讨两者之间的关系方向。本研究从青春期到成年早期检查了抑郁水平与认知能力之间的关系。
方法
本研究使用国家青少年健康纵向研究（n=14322），采用路径建模方法，调查了基线时和 8 年后抑郁与认知能力之间的关系。
结果
在控制初始抑郁水平、认知能力和其他协变量后，青春期的抑郁症状与成年早期的认知能力有关，但青春期的认知能力与成年期的抑郁水平无关。此外，在控制了青少年时期的抑郁和认知能力水平后，成年期认知能力与抑郁之间的关系消失了。
结论
认知能力与抑郁的关系在生命早期就出现了，很可能是抑郁症状的存在导致了较低的认知能力。因此，在抑郁早期进行干预不仅可以帮助缓解抑郁，而且可能对认知能力也有影响。
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