AMPA 受体转运在突触成熟和可塑性中发挥作用。
AMPAR trafficking in synapse maturation and plasticity.
机构信息
CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
出版信息
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2013 Dec;70(23):4411-30. doi: 10.1007/s00018-013-1309-1. Epub 2013 Mar 9.
Abstract
Glutamate ionotropic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors (AMPARs) mediate most fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. The content and composition of AMPARs in postsynaptic membranes (which determine synaptic strength) are dependent on the regulated trafficking of AMPAR subunits in and out of the membranes. AMPAR trafficking is a key mechanism that drives nascent synapse development, and is the main determinant of both Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity in mature synapses. Hebbian plasticity seems to be the biological substrate of at least some forms of learning and memory; while homeostatic plasticity (also known as synaptic scaling) keeps neuronal circuits stable by maintaining changes within a physiological range. In this review, we examine recent findings that provide further understanding of the role of AMPAR trafficking in synapse maturation, Hebbian plasticity, and homeostatic plasticity.
摘要
谷氨酸离子型 α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）受体（AMPARs）在中枢神经系统中介导大多数快速兴奋性突触传递。突触后膜中 AMPAR 的含量和组成（决定突触强度）取决于 AMPAR 亚基在膜内外的调节性运输。AMPA 转运是驱动新生突触发育的关键机制，也是成熟突触中海伯可塑性和同型可塑性的主要决定因素。海伯可塑性似乎是至少某些形式学习和记忆的生物学基础；而同型可塑性（也称为突触缩放）通过将变化维持在生理范围内来保持神经元回路的稳定。在这篇综述中，我们研究了最近的发现，这些发现进一步了解了 AMPAR 转运在突触成熟、海伯可塑性和同型可塑性中的作用。
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