Romano Tania, Wark John D, Wlodek Mary E
Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia.
Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia.
Reprod Fertil Dev. 2014 Mar;26(3):385-94. doi: 10.1071/RD12378.
Fluctuations in maternal bone mass during pregnancy and lactation facilitate calcium transfer to offspring. Uteroplacental insufficiency causes fetal growth restriction and programs poor adult bone health. We aimed to characterise maternal skeletal phenotype during normal pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by uteroplacental insufficiency. Uteroplacental restriction (Restricted) or sham surgery (Control) was performed on gestational Day 18 (term=22 days) in pregnant Wistar-Kyoto rats. Maternal right femurs were collected on embryonic Day 20, postnatal Day 1 and Weeks 5, 7 and 9 postnatal. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to quantify global bone mineral content, density and body composition. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography was utilised to determine trabecular and cortical content, density, circumferences and strength. Control rats exhibited expected reductions in trabecular and cortical content, density and bone strength from embryonic Day 20 to postnatal Day 1 (P<0.05). These skeletal alterations were absent in Restricted rats. By postnatal Day 7, bone parameters in Control and Restricted rats were not different from non-pregnant rats, indicating restoration of maternal bone. The lack of bone loss in mothers suffering uteroplacental insufficiency suggests that calcium transfer to pups would be impaired. This reduction in calcium availability is a likely contributor to the programming of poor adult bone health in growth-restricted offspring.
孕期和哺乳期母体骨量的波动有助于钙向后代的转移。子宫胎盘功能不全导致胎儿生长受限，并影响成年后的骨骼健康。我们旨在描述正常妊娠以及合并子宫胎盘功能不全的妊娠期间母体的骨骼表型。在妊娠第18天（足月为22天）对怀孕的Wistar-Kyoto大鼠进行子宫胎盘限制（限制组）或假手术（对照组）。在胚胎第20天、出生后第1天以及出生后第5、7和9周收集母体右侧股骨。使用双能X线吸收法量化整体骨矿物质含量、密度和身体成分。利用外周定量计算机断层扫描来确定小梁和皮质骨的含量、密度、周长和强度。对照组大鼠从胚胎第20天到出生后第1天，小梁和皮质骨的含量、密度及骨强度出现预期的降低（P<0.05）。限制组大鼠未出现这些骨骼改变。到出生后第7天，对照组和限制组大鼠的骨参数与未怀孕大鼠无异，表明母体骨骼已恢复。子宫胎盘功能不全的母体缺乏骨质流失表明钙向幼崽的转移会受损。钙可用性的这种降低可能是生长受限后代成年后骨骼健康不佳的一个促成因素。
