Neurosurgery Institute, Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration of Guangdong, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2013 May;33(4):465-75. doi: 10.1007/s10571-013-9922-y. Epub 2013 Mar 12.
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a promising tool for cell-based therapies of nervous system diseases. Bone marrow (BM) has been the traditional source of MSCs (BM-MSCs). However, there are some limitations for their clinical use, such as the decline in cell number and differentiation potential with age. Recently, amniotic fluid (AF)-derived MSCs (AF-MSCs) have been shown to express embryonic and adult stem cell markers, and can differentiate into cells of all three germ layers. In this study, we isolated AF-MSCs from second-trimester AF by limiting dilution and compared their proliferative capacity, multipotency, neural differentiation ability, and secretion of neurotrophins to those of BM-MSCs. AF-MSCs showed a higher proliferative capacity and more rapidly formed and expanded neurospheres compared to those of BM-MSCs. Both immunocytochemical and quantitative real-time PCR analyses demonstrated that AF-MSCs showed higher expression of neural stemness markers than those of BM-MSCs following neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation. Furthermore, the levels of brain-derived growth factor and nerve growth factor secreted by AF-MSCs in the culture medium were higher than those of BM-MSCs. In addition, AF-MSCs maintained a normal karyotype in long-term cultures after NSC differentiation and were not tumorigenic in vivo. Our findings suggest that AF-MSCs are a promising and safe alternative to BM-MSCs for therapy of nervous system diseases.
人骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）被认为是神经系统疾病细胞治疗的有前途的工具。骨髓（BM）一直是 MSCs（BM-MSCs）的传统来源。然而，它们的临床应用存在一些局限性，例如细胞数量随年龄的增长而减少和分化潜能下降。最近，羊水（AF）衍生的间充质干细胞（AF-MSCs）已被证明表达胚胎和成人干细胞标志物，并能分化为三个胚层的细胞。在这项研究中，我们通过有限稀释法从中期 AF 中分离出 AF-MSCs，并比较了它们的增殖能力、多能性、神经分化能力和神经营养因子的分泌能力与 BM-MSCs 的差异。与 BM-MSCs 相比，AF-MSCs 的增殖能力更高，形成和扩增神经球的速度更快。免疫细胞化学和实时定量 PCR 分析均表明，AF-MSCs 在向神经干细胞（NSC）分化后，其神经干细胞标志物的表达高于 BM-MSCs。此外，AF-MSCs 在 NSC 分化后的培养基中分泌的脑源性生长因子和神经生长因子的水平高于 BM-MSCs。此外，AF-MSCs 在 NSC 分化后长期培养中保持正常核型，体内无致瘤性。我们的研究结果表明，AF-MSCs 是治疗神经系统疾病的 BM-MSCs 的一种有前途的、安全的替代方法。
