St Georges Hospital, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London, SW170QT, UK.
Expert Opin Drug Discov. 2009 Dec;4(12):1267-79. doi: 10.1517/17460440903410203.
Oesophageal and gastric cancers are leading causes of cancer-related mortality. In the era of targeted therapy and individualized treatment strategies, novel treatments for upper-gastrointestinal cancers are only just emerging compared to significant advances in other solid tumour types such as colorectal, breast and lung cancers. Clinical trials are investigating the value of established targeted agents for the treatment of oesophageal and gastric malignancies; however none are used in routine clinical practice.
In this review we have looked at current in vitro and in vivo models of oesophageal and gastric cancers which may improve our understanding of the biology of these tumours and lead to the development of new preventative, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
We discuss the limitations of our current models and the challenges associated with research into these cancers.
The lack of appropriate models for drug development in oesophageal and gastric cancers has hindered the progress of targeted therapy in this field.
食管和胃癌是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。在靶向治疗和个体化治疗策略的时代，与结直肠癌、乳腺癌和肺癌等其他实体瘤类型相比，上消化道癌症的新型治疗方法才刚刚出现。临床试验正在研究已确立的靶向药物在治疗食管和胃恶性肿瘤方面的价值；然而，在常规临床实践中并未使用这些药物。
在这篇综述中，我们研究了目前用于食管和胃癌的体外和体内模型，这些模型可能有助于我们了解这些肿瘤的生物学特性，并为新的预防、诊断和治疗方法的发展提供依据。
我们讨论了我们目前模型的局限性以及与这些癌症研究相关的挑战。
缺乏用于食管和胃癌药物开发的合适模型阻碍了该领域靶向治疗的进展。
