Willems A P A M, Embregts P J C M, Bosman A M T, Hendriks A H C
MFCG, Multi-Disciplinary Centre for Dual Disabilities, Koraal groep, Heel, the Netherlands; Tranzo, Scientific Center for Care and Welfare & Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2014 Nov;58(11):1072-82. doi: 10.1111/jir.12027. Epub 2013 Mar 11.
Relationships between support staff and clients with intellectual disability (ID) are important for quality of care, especially when dealing with challenging behaviour. Building upon an interpersonal model, this study investigates the influence of client challenging behaviour, staff attitude and staff emotional intelligence on interactive behaviour of one of these relationship partners, being support staff.
A total of 158 support staff members completed a questionnaire on staff interactive behaviour for 158 clients with ID and challenging behaviour, as well as two questionnaires on staff interpersonal attitude and emotional intelligence.
Confronted with challenging behaviour as opposed to no challenging behaviour, staff reported less friendly, more assertive control and less support-seeking interpersonal behaviour. Also, staff used more proactive thinking and more self-reflection in dealing with challenging behaviour. Staff interpersonal attitude in general, mainly a harsh-dominant-resentful attitude, had a significant influence on most staff interactive behaviours towards an individual client with challenging behaviour. The influence of staff emotional intelligence, specifically intrapersonal abilities, on staff interactive behaviour towards an individual client with challenging behaviour was somewhat limited.
This research supports the necessity for training staff in general interpersonal attitudes towards clients as well as training in intrapersonal emotional intelligence, when confronted with challenging behaviour. Future research should focus more on the bidirectional dynamics of staff and client interactions.
对于护理质量而言，辅助人员与智障（ID）患者之间的关系至关重要，尤其是在应对具有挑战性的行为时。基于人际关系模型，本研究调查了患者具有挑战性的行为、工作人员的态度以及工作人员的情商对这些关系伙伴之一即辅助人员互动行为的影响。
共有158名辅助人员针对158名患有智障且有挑战性的行为的患者完成了一份关于工作人员互动行为的问卷，以及两份关于工作人员人际态度和情商的问卷。
与面对无挑战性行为相比，面对具有挑战性的行为时，工作人员报告称其人际行为更不友好、更坚定地进行控制且更少寻求支持。此外，工作人员在应对具有挑战性的行为时会运用更多积极主动的思维和更多的自我反思。总体而言，工作人员的人际态度，主要是严厉-主导-怨恨的态度，对大多数针对有挑战性行为的个体患者的工作人员互动行为有显著影响。工作人员的情商，特别是人际能力，对针对有挑战性行为的个体患者的工作人员互动行为的影响在一定程度上有限。
本研究支持在面对具有挑战性的行为时，有必要对工作人员进行关于对患者的一般人际态度的培训以及人际情商的培训。未来的研究应更多地关注工作人员与患者互动的双向动态。
