ED Manag. 2013 Feb;25(2):20-3.
While nurses often choose to work 12-hour shifts, there is new evidence that too many of these longer shifts can lead to burnout and job dissatisfaction. Further, a new study suggests that patients are less satisfied with their care when nurses are working longer shifts, and patient outcomes may suffer as well. Experts recommend education around this issue for both staff nurses and nurse managers, and they urge administrators to devise sensible scheduling solutions. A three-year study, involving 23,000 registered nurses from four states, showed that nurses working shifts of 10 hours or longer were up to two and a half times more likely to experience burnout and dissatisfaction with their jobs than nurses working shorter shifts. Also, the study showed that seven out of 10 patient outcomes were adversely impacted by the longest nursing shifts. The Cleveland Clinic's 'parent shift' gives nurses the option of working shifts of six hours or less in exchange for less pay and no benefits. Administrators use these nurses to help their units manage busy hours or patient surges.
虽然护士常常选择上12小时轮班，但新证据表明，过多的长时间轮班会导致职业倦怠和工作不满。此外，一项新研究表明，当护士工作更长时间轮班时，患者对护理的满意度较低，患者的治疗结果也可能受到影响。专家建议对在职护士和护士长进行有关这个问题的培训，他们敦促管理人员制定合理的排班解决方案。一项为期三年的研究，涉及来自四个州的23000名注册护士，结果显示，与轮班时间较短的护士相比，轮班10小时或更长时间的护士出现职业倦怠和工作不满的可能性高达2.5倍。此外，该研究表明，十分之七的患者治疗结果受到最长护理轮班的不利影响。克利夫兰诊所的“短班制”为护士提供了选择6小时或更短轮班时间的机会，以换取较低的薪酬且无福利。管理人员利用这些护士来帮助各科室应对繁忙时段或患者激增的情况。
