Heiskanen Tarja, Hamunen Katri, Hirvonen Outi
HYKS, kipuklinikka.
Duodecim. 2013;129(4):385-92.
Palliative pain management is usually successful, if the medication is strengthened in a stepwise manner in accordance with pain intensity, and initiation of a strong opioid is not delayed. Finding of a sufficiently effective dose of the opioid drug with simultaneous management of adverse effects requires continuous pain assessment and patient monitoring. In many cases it is possible to enhance analgesia by supplementing the medication with an antidepressant or an antiepileptic along with the opioid and paracetamol or the analgesic. Palliative radiotherapy will relieve tissue injury pain caused by bone metastases and soft tissue tumors as well as pain due to the possible nerve entrapments caused by them.
姑息性疼痛管理通常是成功的，前提是根据疼痛强度逐步加强药物治疗，且不延迟强效阿片类药物的启用。找到足够有效剂量的阿片类药物并同时处理不良反应需要持续的疼痛评估和患者监测。在许多情况下，通过将抗抑郁药或抗癫痫药与阿片类药物、对乙酰氨基酚或镇痛药一起补充用药，可以增强镇痛效果。姑息性放射治疗将缓解骨转移和软组织肿瘤引起的组织损伤疼痛以及由它们可能导致的神经受压引起的疼痛。
