Fiecek Beata, Grochowalska Aneta, Chmielewski Tomasz, Tylewska-Wierzbanowska Stanisława
Samodzielna Pracownia Riketsji, Chlamydii i Kretków Odzwierzecych, Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego-Państwowy Zakład Higieny w Warszawie.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2012;66(4):605-10.
Leptospirosis and Q fever are a zoonotic diseases with global occurring.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Leptospira spp. and C. burnetii in humans, who have contacts with infected animals or are exposed to an environment potentially contaminated with these bacteria. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Blood serum samples originating from 177 veterinarians and farmers and 134 garbage collectors (blood samples) were examined. Control group consisted 43 blood samples derived from blood donors. For the detection of specific IgM and IgG antibodies of Leptospira spp., enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used. Indirect immunofluorescence method (IFA) was used for detection of specific IgG C. burnetii antibodies. DNA of Leptospira spp. and C. burnetii was detected by PCR method with appropriate pairs of primers.
Specific IgG C. burnetii antibodies of phase II were detected in sera of 4.4% of the farmers and veterinarians, and in 12% of garbage men. Antibodies in blood donors was not found. Antibodies of Leptospira spp. were present in the serum of 23.6% of farmers and veterinarians, 26.2% of garbage men and 14% of blood donors. C. burnetii DNA was detected in one sample derived from the veterinarian (1.1%). Leptospira spp. DNA was not detected in tested material. Blood samples from farmers, veterinarians and garbage collectors showed the higher prevalence of antibodies of Leptospira spp. and C. burnetii as compared to the control group (blood donors).
Beside farmers and veterinarians, garbage collectors should be consider as high risk group of contracting leptospirosis and Q fever. Both leptospirosis as well as Q fever should be considered in the differential diagnosis in humans with animals and animals' material contact when they reveal flu-like symptoms.
钩端螺旋体病和Q热是全球性的人畜共患病。
本研究旨在确定与感染动物有接触或暴露于可能被这些细菌污染环境中的人群中钩端螺旋体属和伯氏考克斯氏体的感染率。材料与方法。检测了来自177名兽医和农民以及134名垃圾收集者的血清样本（血液样本）。对照组由43份来自献血者的血液样本组成。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测钩端螺旋体属的特异性IgM和IgG抗体。采用间接免疫荧光法（IFA）检测伯氏考克斯氏体的特异性IgG抗体。用合适的引物对通过PCR方法检测钩端螺旋体属和伯氏考克斯氏体的DNA。
在4.4%的农民和兽医以及12%的垃圾收集者血清中检测到了II期伯氏考克斯氏体的特异性IgG抗体。在献血者中未发现抗体。23.6%的农民和兽医、26.2%的垃圾收集者以及14%的献血者血清中存在钩端螺旋体属抗体。在1份来自兽医的样本中检测到伯氏考克斯氏体DNA（1.1%）。在检测材料中未检测到钩端螺旋体属DNA。与对照组（献血者）相比，来自农民、兽医和垃圾收集者的血液样本显示钩端螺旋体属和伯氏考克斯氏体抗体的感染率更高。
除农民和兽医外，垃圾收集者应被视为感染钩端螺旋体病和Q热的高危人群。当有动物及动物相关物质接触史的人出现流感样症状时，在鉴别诊断中应考虑钩端螺旋体病和Q热。
