McGrady A, Higgins J T
Department of Physiology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43699.
J Behav Med. 1990 Feb;13(1):93-101. doi: 10.1007/BF00844901.
Over the past years, we repeatedly observed that of the hypertensive population entered into our behavioral treatment programs, more than half were actually false hypertensives. With repeated measurements of blood pressure (BP), only one-third remained hypertensive, while two-thirds showed a significant decrease in BP. The purpose of this study was to determine which factors correlate with the decrease in BP and could be useful in distinguishing the true and the false hypertensives. Of the 24 patients in this study, 15 decreased their mean arterial pressure by at least 5 mm Hg during a 6-week period of home and clinic BP measurement, while 9 did not. The 9 patients with BPs that did not change had lower State Anxiety, Trait Anxiety scores, lower diastolic BP, and lower heart rates compared to the group whose BPs decreased. These results suggest that under certain conditions a relationship exists between anxiety and elevated blood pressure. In a segment of the hypertensive population, anxious patients may be placed on inappropriate antihypertensive medication if a BP measurement period is not conducted before intervention.
在过去几年中，我们反复观察到，在进入我们行为治疗项目的高血压人群中，超过一半实际上是假性高血压患者。通过反复测量血压（BP），只有三分之一的人仍为高血压患者，而三分之二的人血压显著下降。本研究的目的是确定哪些因素与血压下降相关，以及哪些因素有助于区分真性和假性高血压患者。在本研究的24名患者中，15名患者在为期6周的家庭和诊所血压测量期间，平均动脉压至少下降了5 mmHg，而9名患者没有下降。与血压下降的组相比，血压没有变化的9名患者的状态焦虑、特质焦虑得分较低，舒张压和心率也较低。这些结果表明，在某些情况下，焦虑与血压升高之间存在关联。在一部分高血压人群中，如果在干预前没有进行血压测量期，焦虑的患者可能会被不恰当地使用抗高血压药物。
