Zacharko-Siembida A, Arciszewski M B
Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 12, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2014 Feb;43(1):48-55. doi: 10.1111/ahe.12047. Epub 2013 Mar 15.
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is a recently discovered peptide inducing strong anxiogenic-like effect. CART distribution and its role(s) at periphery are not well understood. Immunohistochemisty was utilized to investigate the distribution patterns of CART in the stomach of the pig and wild boar. Double immunohistochemisty was applied to elucidate whether CART-immunoreactive (IR) neuronal elements coexpress galanin, substance P (SP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). In the pig stomach, different proportions of CART-IR myenteric neurons were found in the antrum (42.3 ± 3.5%), corpus (18.0 ± 1.9%) and pylorus (33.2 ± 3.0%). CART-IR myeneric neurons were also found in the antrum, corpus and pylorus of the wild boar stomach (41.7 ± 3.2, 36.0 ± 2.2 and 35.8 ± 3.5%; respectively). In both species, none of gastric submucous neurons were CART-IR; however, CART-IR nerve fibres encircled submucous perikarya. In all portions of the pig and wild boar stomach, CART-IR nerve fibres were frequently found in the smooth muscle layer as well as in the lamina muscularis mucosae. In all regions of the pig and wild boar stomach, the expression of galanin and SP was found in CART-IR myenteric neurons and smooth muscle-supplying nerve fibres. CART/NPY coexpression was not found in the porcine stomach; however, in different regions of the wild boar stomach, subpopulations of CART-IR/NPY-IR myenteric neurons were noted. In conclusion, in this study, the existence and distribution patterns of CART in discrete regions of the pig and wild boar stomach were described in details. Colocalization studies revealed that in both animal species, a functional cooperation of CART with several neuropeptides is likely.
可卡因和苯丙胺调节转录肽（CART）是一种最近发现的能诱发强烈焦虑样效应的肽。CART在周围组织中的分布及其作用尚未完全明确。本研究采用免疫组织化学方法，研究CART在猪和野猪胃中的分布模式。运用双重免疫组织化学方法，以阐明CART免疫反应性（IR）神经元是否共表达甘丙肽、P物质（SP）和神经肽Y（NPY）。在猪胃中，胃窦（42.3±3.5%）、胃体（18.0±1.9%）和幽门（33.2±3.0%）中CART-IR肌间神经元比例不同。在野猪胃的胃窦、胃体和幽门中也发现了CART-IR肌间神经元（分别为41.7±3.2%、36.0±2.2%和35.8±3.5%）。在这两个物种中，胃黏膜下神经元均无CART-IR；然而，CART-IR神经纤维环绕着黏膜下核周体。在猪和野猪胃的所有部位，CART-IR神经纤维在平滑肌层和黏膜肌层中均常见。在猪和野猪胃的所有区域，甘丙肽和SP在CART-IR肌间神经元和平滑肌供应神经纤维中均有表达。在猪胃中未发现CART/NPY共表达；然而，在野猪胃的不同区域，注意到有CART-IR/NPY-IR肌间神经元亚群。总之，本研究详细描述了CART在猪和野猪胃离散区域中的存在和分布模式。共定位研究表明，在这两种动物中，CART与几种神经肽可能存在功能协同作用。
