Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, P-4200-150 Porto, Portugal.
Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(41):7169-84. doi: 10.2174/13816128113199990698.
In the area of drug delivery, novel tools and technological approaches have captured the attention of researchers in order to improve the performance of conventional therapeutics and patient compliance to pharmacological therapy. Stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems (DDS) appear as a promising approach to control and target drug delivery. When these DDS are administered, the drug release is activated and then modulated through some action or external input and facilitated by the energy supplied externally. The stimuli responsible to activate the drug release can be classified into three types according to their nature or the type of energy applied: physical (e.g. magnetic field, electric field, ultrasound, temperature and osmotic pressure); chemical (e.g. pH, ionic strength and glucose); and biological (enzymes and endogenous receptors). The present review gives an overview of the most significant physical and chemical stimuliresponsive DDS and elucidates about their current and relevant applications in controlled and targeted drug delivery attending different routes of administration.
在药物输送领域，为了提高传统疗法的性能和患者对药物治疗的依从性，新型工具和技术方法引起了研究人员的关注。刺激响应型药物输送系统（DDS）是一种很有前途的控制和靶向药物输送的方法。当这些 DDS 被给药时，药物释放通过一些作用或外部输入被激活，然后被外部供应的能量调节。能够激活药物释放的刺激物可以根据其性质或所应用的能量类型分为三种类型：物理（例如磁场、电场、超声波、温度和渗透压）；化学（例如 pH 值、离子强度和葡萄糖）；和生物（酶和内源性受体）。本综述概述了最显著的物理和化学刺激响应型 DDS，并阐述了它们在不同给药途径的控制和靶向药物输送中的当前和相关应用。
