Biology Department, Albion College, Albion, MI 49224, USA.
Cell Microbiol. 2013 Sep;15(9):1527-44. doi: 10.1111/cmi.12136. Epub 2013 Apr 5.
The maternally inherited bacterium Wolbachia infects the germline of most arthropod species. Using Drosophila simulans and D. melanogaster, we demonstrate that localization of Wolbachia to the fat bodies and adult brain is likely also a conserved feature of Wolbachia infection. Examination of three Wolbachia strains (WMel , WRiv , WPop ) revealed that the bacteria preferentially concentrate in the central brain with low titres in the optic lobes. Distribution within regions of the central brain is largely determined by the Wolbachia strain, while the titre is influenced by both, the host species and the bacteria strain. In neurons of the central brain and ventral nerve cord, Wolbachia preferentially localizes to the neuronal cell bodies but not to axons. All examined Wolbachia strains are present intracellularly or in extracellular clusters, with the pathogenic WPop strain exhibiting the largest and most abundant clusters. We also discovered that 16 of 40 lines from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel are Wolbachia infected. Direct comparison of Wolbachia infected and cured lines from this panel reveals that differences in physiological traits (chill coma recovery, starvation, longevity) are partially due to host line influences. In addition, a tetracycline-induced increase in Drosophila longevity was detected many generations after treatment.
母系遗传细菌沃尔巴克氏体感染大多数节肢动物物种的生殖细胞。利用果蝇 simulans 和 D. melanogaster，我们证明沃尔巴克氏体定位于脂肪体和成年大脑可能也是沃尔巴克氏体感染的一个保守特征。对三种沃尔巴克氏体菌株（WMel、WRiv、WPop）的检查表明，细菌优先集中在中央脑，视神经叶中的滴度较低。中央脑区域内的分布在很大程度上取决于沃尔巴克氏体菌株，而滴度则受到宿主物种和细菌菌株的影响。在中央脑和腹神经索的神经元中，沃尔巴克氏体优先定位于神经元细胞体，但不定位于轴突。所有检查过的沃尔巴克氏体菌株都存在于细胞内或细胞外的簇中，致病性的 WPop 菌株表现出最大和最丰富的簇。我们还发现，来自 Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel 的 40 条系中的 16 条感染了沃尔巴克氏体。对来自该面板的感染和治愈系的直接比较表明，生理特征（冷昏迷恢复、饥饿、寿命）的差异部分归因于宿主系的影响。此外，在治疗后多个世代检测到四环素诱导的果蝇寿命增加。
