抗逆转录病毒药物在艾滋病预防中的应用：我们知道什么，不知道什么？
Use of antiretrovirals for HIV prevention: what do we know and what don't we know?
机构信息
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
出版信息
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2013 Jun;10(2):142-51. doi: 10.1007/s11904-013-0157-9.
Abstract
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), in which HIV uninfected persons with ongoing HIV risk use antiretroviral medications as chemoprophylaxis against sexual HIV acquisition, is a promising new HIV prevention strategy. Proof-of-concept that PrEP, as oral or vaginal topical tenofovir-based products, protects against sexual HIV acquisition has been demonstrated in clinical trials conducted among men who have sex with men and heterosexual men and women. The degree of HIV protection in these trials was strongly related to the level of adherence to PrEP. Many questions are yet unanswered--including how to motivate uptake of and sustain adherence to PrEP for HIV prevention, how much PrEP use is enough to achieve HIV protection, and the potential of "next-generation" PrEP agents to improve on this effective technology.
摘要
暴露前预防（PrEP）是指无 HIV 感染但存在 HIV 风险的人群使用抗逆转录病毒药物进行化学预防，以防止性感染 HIV，这是一种很有前途的新 HIV 预防策略。临床试验证明，PrEP（口服或阴道局部使用替诺福韦产品）可预防男男性行为者和异性恋男性和女性的性 HIV 感染，这一概念得到了证实。这些试验中 HIV 保护的程度与 PrEP 的依从性水平密切相关。目前仍有许多问题尚未得到解答——包括如何激发人们接受 PrEP 以预防 HIV 以及如何维持其依从性，需要多少 PrEP 才能达到 HIV 保护效果，以及“下一代”PrEP 药物是否有可能改进这一有效技术。
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