Daar A S, Salahudeen A K, Pingle A, Woods H F
Sultan Qaboos University College of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Muscat, Oman.
Transplant Proc. 1990 Jun;22(3):922-4.
Renal transplantation is now very successful. A shortage of kidneys continues to be a problem. Attempts to increase the supply have recently led to unethical practices, but the issues in the discussion of the ethics need clarification. We propose a classification that we believe will help to achieve this for living donor renal transplantation. This can be considered under five categories: (1) living-related donation; (2) emotionally related donation; (3) altruistic donation; (4) "rewarded" gifting; and (5) rampant commercialism. Ethical issues for categories 1, 2, and 3 are either esoteric or have been resolved. Category 4 needs further discussion and elucidation and should be the area of concentration. Category 5 we perceive to be unethical.
肾移植如今非常成功。肾脏短缺仍是一个问题。近期为增加肾脏供应所做的尝试引发了不道德行为，但伦理讨论中的问题需要澄清。我们提出一种分类方法，相信这将有助于对活体供肾移植进行此类澄清。这可分为五类：（1）亲属活体捐赠；（2）情感关联捐赠；（3）利他性捐赠；（4）“有偿”馈赠；（5）猖獗的商业化行为。第1、2和3类的伦理问题要么深奥难懂，要么已经得到解决。第4类需要进一步讨论和阐释，应成为关注焦点。我们认为第5类是不道德的。
