Lawyer Steven R, Schoepflin Frederick J
Idaho State University, Department of Psychology, Mail Stop 8112, Pocatello, ID 83209-8112, United States.
Behav Processes. 2013 Jun;96:71-8. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2013.03.001. Epub 2013 Mar 14.
Discounting, the tendency to devalue an outcome as a function of its delay or probability, is emerging as a fundamental process that underlies a broad range of impulsivity-related behaviors. Recent research suggests that people discount the value of sexual outcomes and individual differences in rate of discounting of sexual outcomes may represent an important behavioral process that underlies sexual risk behavior. However, it is not clear that discounting the value of domain-specific sexual outcomes (e.g., sexual activity) is a better predictor of sexual behaviors than is discounting for domain non-specific outcomes (e.g., money). Adult undergraduates (n=103) completed delay and probability discounting procedures in relation to money and sexual activity and a series of self-report measures concerning sexual and non-sexual outcomes. Results revealed domain-specific relationships such that (1) discounting for sexual and monetary outcomes were significantly correlated; (2) discounting for sexual activity was significantly associated with sexual excitability, but not with non-sexual outcomes; and (3) discounting for money was not related to the sexual outcomes. A consistent gender effect across measures suggests that gender may moderate the relationships between discounting and sexual and non-sexual outcomes. The relevance of these findings for domain-specific discounting is discussed.
折扣，即将结果的价值按照其延迟或概率进行贬值的倾向，正逐渐成为一个基本过程，它构成了一系列与冲动相关行为的基础。最近的研究表明，人们会对性结果的价值进行折扣，而性结果折扣率的个体差异可能代表了一种重要的行为过程，它是性风险行为的基础。然而，尚不清楚对特定领域性结果（如性活动）的价值进行折扣是否比非特定领域结果（如金钱）的折扣更能预测性行为。成年本科生（n = 103）完成了与金钱和性活动相关的延迟和概率折扣程序，以及一系列关于性和非性结果的自我报告测量。结果揭示了特定领域的关系，即：（1）对性和金钱结果的折扣显著相关；（2）对性活动的折扣与性兴奋显著相关，但与非性结果无关；（3）对金钱的折扣与性结果无关。各测量指标中一致的性别效应表明，性别可能会调节折扣与性和非性结果之间的关系。讨论了这些发现与特定领域折扣的相关性。
