Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173, Hannover, Germany.
Curr Microbiol. 2013 Aug;67(2):200-8. doi: 10.1007/s00284-013-0354-1. Epub 2013 Mar 17.
The antimicrobial activity of six essential oil components against the potential food spoilage bacteria Aeromonas (A.) hydrophila, Escherichia (E.) coli, Brochothrix (B.) thermosphacta, and Pseudomonas (P.) fragi at single use and in combination with each other was investigated. At single use, the most effective oil components were thymol (bacteriostatic effect starting from 40 ppm, bactericidal effect with 100 ppm) and carvacrol (50 ppm/100 ppm), followed by linalool (180 ppm/720 ppm), α-pinene (400 ppm/no bactericidal effect), 1,8-cineol (1,400 ppm/2,800 ppm), and α-terpineol (600 ppm/no bactericidal effect). Antimicrobial effects occurred only at high, sensorial not acceptable concentrations. The most susceptible bacterium was A. hydrophila, followed by B. thermosphacta and E. coli. Most of the essential oil component combinations tested showed a higher antimicrobial effect than tested at single use. Antagonistic antimicrobial effects were observed particularly against B. thermosphacta, rarely against A. hydrophila. The results show that the concentration of at least one of the components necessary for an antibacterial effect is higher than sensorial acceptable. So the use of herbs with a high content of thymol, carvacrol, linalool, 1,8-cineol, α-pinene or α-terpineol alone or in combination must be weighted against sensorial quality.
研究了六种精油成分在单一使用和相互组合的情况下对潜在食品腐败菌嗜水气单胞菌（A. hydrophila）、大肠杆菌（E. coli）、布氏杆菌（B. thermosphacta）和脆弱拟杆菌（P. fragi）的抗菌活性。单一使用时，最有效的油类成分是百里香酚（抑菌作用从 40ppm 开始，杀菌作用用 100ppm）和香芹酚（50ppm/100ppm），其次是芳樟醇（180ppm/720ppm）、α-蒎烯（400ppm/无杀菌作用）、1,8-桉叶素（1,400ppm/2,800ppm）和α-萜品醇（600ppm/无杀菌作用）。抗菌作用仅在高浓度、感官不可接受的浓度下发生。最敏感的细菌是 A. hydrophila，其次是 B. thermosphacta 和 E. coli。测试的大多数精油成分组合显示出比单一使用更高的抗菌效果。特别是对 B. thermosphacta 观察到拮抗抗菌作用，对 A. hydrophila 很少观察到。结果表明，至少一种成分的浓度对于抗菌效果是必需的，且高于感官可接受的浓度。因此，单独使用或组合使用含有高浓度百里香酚、香芹酚、芳樟醇、1,8-桉叶素、α-蒎烯或α-萜品醇的草药必须权衡感官质量。
