School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
J Hum Lact. 2013 May;29(2):253-9. doi: 10.1177/0890334413477240. Epub 2013 Mar 15.
Factors associated with breastfeeding need to be explored in the northwest of China.
This study aimed to measure the full duration of breastfeeding and identify factors associated with breastfeeding in Shihezi City in Northwest China.
A prospective cohort study was undertaken to obtain details of child feeding practices using structured questionnaires in 2007-2010. Before discharge from hospitals, 681 mothers were randomly recruited and interviewed in maternity units for breastfeeding. After discharge, the mothers were contacted by telephone at monthly intervals within the first 6 months and then at 2-month intervals until discontinuation of breastfeeding.
The breastfeeding initiation rate was 95.9%. The breastfeeding rates then declined to 69.6% at 6 months, 29.7% at 12 months, and 2.3% at 24 months. The median duration of "any breastfeeding" was 9 months. The exclusive breastfeeding rate was low because of the high rate of prelacteal and early complementary feeding. Cox regression analyses revealed that mothers who had preterm babies believed that breast milk could not meet infants' needs and intended to breastfeed for less than 6 months, and mothers with late onset of lactogenesis II and whose parents lived in Xinjiang were more likely to stop breastfeeding. Younger maternal age, employment, and suffering from illness were also associated with a shorter duration of breastfeeding.
The duration of "exclusive" and "any breastfeeding" was below the Chinese and World Health Organization breastfeeding goals. Shorter duration of breastfeeding was associated with having grandparents residing within the same province, maternal age, illness and employment, gestational age, and delayed onset of lactogenesis.
在中国西北部，需要探讨与母乳喂养相关的因素。
本研究旨在测量母乳喂养的完整持续时间，并确定中国西北部石河子市与母乳喂养相关的因素。
采用前瞻性队列研究，在 2007 年至 2010 年期间，通过结构化问卷获取儿童喂养实践的详细信息。在医院出院前，在产科病房随机招募 681 名母亲进行母乳喂养访谈。出院后，在头 6 个月内每月通过电话联系母亲，然后每 2 个月联系一次，直到停止母乳喂养。
母乳喂养起始率为 95.9%。母乳喂养率随后在 6 个月时下降至 69.6%，12 个月时下降至 29.7%，24 个月时下降至 2.3%。“任何母乳喂养”的中位数持续时间为 9 个月。纯母乳喂养率较低，因为早开奶和早期补充喂养率较高。Cox 回归分析显示，早产儿母亲认为母乳无法满足婴儿的需求，打算母乳喂养时间少于 6 个月，且晚发性泌乳 II 和父母居住在新疆的母亲更有可能停止母乳喂养。母亲年龄较小、就业和患病也与母乳喂养时间较短有关。
“纯母乳喂养”和“任何母乳喂养”的持续时间均低于中国和世界卫生组织的母乳喂养目标。母乳喂养时间较短与祖父母居住在同一省内、母亲年龄、患病和就业、胎龄以及泌乳 II 期延迟有关。
