Heller Morton A, Smith Amy, Schnarr Rita, Larson Jennifer, Ballesteros Soledad
Psychology Department, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL 61920, USA.
Am J Psychol. 2013 Spring;126(1):67-80. doi: 10.5406/amerjpsyc.126.1.0067.
The present study compared the strength of the horizontal-vertical illusion in blindfolded sighted people with raised-line curves and three-dimensional (3-D) objects. Although the horizontal-vertical curvature illusion has been reported with raised-line stimuli in both vision and touch, it was not known whether similar haptic distortion would be found with 3-D objects. Similar overestimation of verticals was found with both types of stimuli in Experiment 1. Experiment 2 used bimanual unrestricted exploration at the body midline and stimuli horizontal on the table surface or in the frontal plane. In Experiment 2, illusion strength was substantially stronger when the stimuli were frontal and diminished overall for the horizontal group. The horizontal-vertical illusion was strong with optimal methods of presentation (free bimanual exploration) in Experiment 2, even where radial-tangential scanning could not be a causal factor in the frontal group. The results suggest that illusory distortion in haptics is not the result of the use of raised lines, and these patterns can be effective surrogates for 3-D objects.
本研究比较了蒙眼的视力正常者对带有凸起线条的曲线和三维（3-D）物体的横竖错觉强度。尽管在视觉和触觉方面均已报告了对带有凸起线条刺激的横竖曲率错觉，但尚不清楚对3-D物体是否会发现类似的触觉扭曲。在实验1中，两种类型的刺激均发现了对垂直线条的类似高估。实验2在身体中线处使用双手无限制探索，刺激物在桌面或额面呈水平状。在实验2中，当刺激物位于额面时，错觉强度明显更强，而水平组的错觉强度总体上有所减弱。在实验2中，采用最佳呈现方法（自由双手探索）时，横竖错觉很强，即使在额面组中径向-切向扫描不可能成为一个因果因素的情况下也是如此。结果表明，触觉中的错觉扭曲不是使用凸起线条的结果，并且这些模式可以有效地替代3-D物体。
