Lumpkin John R, Miller Yoon K, Inglesby Tom, Links Jonathan M, Schwartz Angela T, Slemp Catherine C, Burhans Robert L, Blumenstock James, Khan Ali S
Health Care Group, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Biosecur Bioterror. 2013 Mar;11(1):81-7. doi: 10.1089/bsp.2013.0026. Epub 2013 Mar 18.
Natural disasters, infectious disease epidemics, terrorism, and major events like the nuclear incident at Fukushima all pose major potential challenges to public health and security. Events such as the anthrax letters of 2001, Hurricanes Katrina, Irene, and Sandy, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and West Nile virus outbreaks, and the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic have demonstrated that public health, emergency management, and national security efforts are interconnected. These and other events have increased the national resolve and the resources committed to improving the national health security infrastructure. However, as fiscal pressures force federal, state, and local governments to examine spending, there is a growing need to demonstrate both what the investment in public health preparedness has bought and where gaps remain in our nation's health security. To address these needs, the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO), through a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response (PHPR), is creating an annual measure of health security and preparedness at the national and state levels: the National Health Security Preparedness Index (NHSPI).
自然灾害、传染病流行、恐怖主义以及诸如福岛核事故等重大事件，都对公共卫生与安全构成重大潜在挑战。2001年的炭疽信件事件、卡特里娜飓风、艾琳飓风和桑迪飓风、严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）和西尼罗河病毒疫情爆发，以及2009年甲型H1N1流感大流行等事件表明，公共卫生、应急管理和国家安全工作相互关联。这些事件以及其他事件增强了国家的决心，并增加了用于改善国家卫生安全基础设施的资源投入。然而，由于财政压力迫使联邦、州和地方政府审视开支，越来越需要证明对公共卫生防范的投资带来了什么成效，以及我国卫生安全方面仍存在哪些差距。为满足这些需求，州和领地卫生官员协会（ASTHO）通过与疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）公共卫生防范与应对办公室（PHPR）签订合作协议，正在创建一项衡量国家和州层面卫生安全与防范水平的年度指标：国家卫生安全防范指数（NHSPI）。
