Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, via San Giacomo 12, Bologna, 40126, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2013 Mar 19;39:19. doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-39-19.
Infant mortality is a key indicator of child and population health. The aim of this study is to analyse the trends in infant mortality rates (IMRs) and their components (neonatal mortality rates-NMRs and post-neonatal mortality rates-PNMRs) from 1991 to 2009 both at the national level and across the three Italian large geographical macro-areas (North, Center, South).
Using data extracted from the Health for All-Italy database, IMRs, NMRs and PNMRs were calculated for the 19 Italian Regions and 2 Autonomous provinces for the years 1991-2009. Relative risks and attributable fractions were calculated for Southern and Central Italy compared with Northern Italy. Temporal trends were analysed using the robust polynomial Poisson regression models.
During the study period there was a 54% decline in IMR (from 7.72/1000 to 3.55/1000), a 57% decline in NMR (from 5.87/1000 to 2.55/1000) and a 46% decline in PNMR (from 1.85/1000 to 1/1000). In particular, we found a strong decline in IMRs and NMRs from 1991 to 2000/2001, and a weaker decline starting from 2002/2003. Moreover, we found a slight decrease in PNMRs until 2001/2002, and no significant variations starting from 2003. Despite these reductions, important geographical variations persisted: in 2006-2009, the most recent data available, the excess of infant mortality in Southern Italy compared with the North was 27%.
During the period 1991-2009 Italy experienced a significant decline in IMRs, NMRs and PNMRs. We observed the same pattern for the temporal trends of these indicators across the North, the Center and South of Italy. Despite this decline, geographical disparities persisted.
婴儿死亡率是衡量儿童和人口健康的关键指标。本研究旨在分析 1991 年至 2009 年期间全国和意大利三个大区（北部、中部和南部）婴儿死亡率（IMR）及其构成（新生儿死亡率-NMR 和后期新生儿死亡率-PNMR）的趋势。
利用从全意大利卫生数据库中提取的数据，计算了 1991-2009 年意大利 19 个地区和 2 个自治区的 IMR、NMR 和 PNMR。计算了与意大利北部相比，南部和中部意大利的相对风险和归因分数。使用稳健多项式泊松回归模型分析了时间趋势。
在研究期间，IMR 下降了 54%（从 7.72/1000 降至 3.55/1000），NMR 下降了 57%（从 5.87/1000 降至 2.55/1000），PNMR 下降了 46%（从 1.85/1000 降至 1/1000）。特别是，我们发现 1991 年至 2000/2001 年期间 IMR 和 NMR 急剧下降，而从 2002/2003 年开始下降速度较慢。此外，我们发现 2001/2002 年之前 PNMR 略有下降，从 2003 年开始没有明显变化。尽管有所减少，但仍存在重要的地理差异：在 2006-2009 年（可获得的最新数据），南部与北部相比婴儿死亡率的超额死亡率为 27%。
1991 年至 2009 年期间，意大利的 IMR、NMR 和 PNMR 显著下降。我们观察到这些指标在意大利北部、中部和南部的时间趋势相同。尽管有所下降，但地理差异仍然存在。
