Ministry of Health, Nnamdi Azikiwe Secretariat, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.
Ethn Dis. 2013 Spring;23(2):161-7.
Hypertension is the most common non-communicable disease and risk factor for heart failure, stroke, chronic kidney disease and ischemic heart disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Few population-based studies have been conducted recently in Nigeria and, in Abia State, no previous study has been conducted on the prevalence and correlates of hypertension among the populace. The purpose of our study was, therefore, to determine the prevalence and determinants of high blood pressure in Abia State, southeastern Nigeria. We hypothesise that high blood pressure burden is high in Abia State.
The study was a community based cross-sectional house-to-house survey aimed at ascertaining the burden/prevalence of hypertension in the state as well as identifying related risk factors associated with them.
The study was conducted in rural and urban communities in Abia State, Nigeria.
Participants in the study were men and women aged > or =15 years and were recruited from the three senatorial zones in the state.
A total of 2,999 respondents were selected for the survey and, 2,983 consented to be interviewed giving a response rate of 99.5%. The data for 2,928 participants were suitable for analysis. Of these, 1,399 (47.8%) were men. The mean age of the population was 41.7 +/- 18.5 years (range 18-96 years). About 54% of the population were < or =40 years. Ninety percent had at least primary education with about 47% having completed secondary education. Expectedly, 96% of the respondents were Ibos, the predominant tribe in the southeastern part of the country. Women had significantly higher BMI than the men. Similarly, waist circumference was also larger in women but waist-to-hip ratio was only significantly higher in women in the urban areas compared to those in rural areas. Thirty-one percent of all participants had systolic hypertension (33.5% in men and 30.5% in women). This sex difference was statistically different in the urban area. On the other hand, diastolic hypertension was 22.5% in all the population (23.4% in men and 25.4% in women). Age and indices of obesity were the strongest predictors of blood pressure.
The prevalence of hypertension was high in our study both in rural and urban settings. The major determinants of blood pressure in our participants included age, sex, indices of obesity and pulse rate.
高血压是撒哈拉以南非洲地区最常见的非传染性疾病和心力衰竭、中风、慢性肾脏病以及缺血性心脏病的危险因素。最近在尼日利亚进行的人群为基础的研究很少，在阿比亚州，以前从未对该州居民的高血压患病率和相关因素进行过研究。因此，我们的研究目的是确定阿比亚州高血压的患病率和决定因素。
这项研究是一项基于社区的逐户调查，旨在确定该州高血压的负担/患病率，并确定与之相关的相关危险因素。
该研究在尼日利亚阿比亚州的农村和城市社区进行。
研究对象为年龄≥15 岁的男性和女性，从该州的三个参议院区招募。
共有 2999 名受访者接受了调查，2983 人同意接受采访，应答率为 99.5%。共有 2928 名参与者的数据适合分析。其中，1399 人（47.8%）为男性。人口的平均年龄为 41.7+/-18.5 岁（范围 18-96 岁）。约 54%的人口年龄在 40 岁以下。90%的人至少受过小学教育，约 47%的人完成了中学教育。不出所料，96%的受访者是伊博人，这是该国东南部的主要部落。女性的 BMI 明显高于男性。同样，女性的腰围也较大，但与农村地区相比，城市地区女性的腰臀比仅显著较高。所有参与者中有 31%患有收缩期高血压（男性为 33.5%，女性为 30.5%）。这种性别差异在城市地区具有统计学意义。另一方面，所有人群的舒张期高血压为 22.5%（男性为 23.4%，女性为 25.4%）。年龄和肥胖指数是血压最强的预测因素。
在我们的研究中，农村和城市地区高血压的患病率都很高。我们参与者的主要血压决定因素包括年龄、性别、肥胖指数和脉搏率。
