Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clincal Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Feb 14;23(1):154. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09138-8.
Global response to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in developing countries includes the development of WHO Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease Interventions (WHO PEN) for Primary Health Care (PHC). The study assessed the level of preparedness of PHC facilities on implementation of essential NCD interventions in rural and urban Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Osun State, Nigeria.
The study was a comparative cross-sectional survey. Information was collected from heads of 33 rural and 33 urban PHC facilities and through direct observation on the domains of staff training, basic equipment, diagnostics and essential medicines for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) using a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire.
Manual sphygmomanometer was found in similar proportions (84.8%) of PHC facilities in rural and urban LGAs. Glucometer was available in 45.5% of the PHC facilities in urban and 33.3% of the PHC facilities in the rural LGAs, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 1.015; p = 0.314). Basic equipment for CRDs were not available in majority of PHC facilities in both locations. Moduretic tablets were the most reported essential NCD medicines, available in 15% of PHC facilities in rural LGAs and none in urban LGAs. The anti-diabetic medicines were not available in any of the PHC facilities in both locations. More than 90% (≥ 30) of the PHC facilities in both locations were not prepared to implement essential interventions for each NCD across domains of staff training and essential medicines. Overall, 97.0% of the PHC facilities in the rural LGAs and all the PHC facilities in urban LGAs were not prepared on implementation of essential interventions for the three NCDs.
The level of preparedness of the PHC facilities on implementation of essential NCD interventions in the rural and urban LGAs of Osun State is very low. Government needs to strengthen the PHC system by providing needed essential medicines, basic diagnostics, equipment, and training of clinical health care workers for implementation of essential NCD interventions in the state.
发展中国家应对非传染性疾病（NCDs）负担日益加重的全球对策包括为初级卫生保健（PHC）制定世卫组织基本非传染性疾病干预措施一揽子计划（世卫组织 PEN）。本研究评估了尼日利亚奥孙州农村和城市地方政府区域（LGA）的 PHC 设施在实施基本 NCD 干预措施方面的准备情况。
这是一项比较性的横断面调查。通过半结构式访谈者管理的问卷，从 33 个农村和 33 个城市 PHC 设施的负责人处收集信息，并通过直接观察，评估心血管疾病、糖尿病和慢性呼吸道疾病（CRD）领域的员工培训、基本设备、诊断和基本药物的准备情况。
手动血压计在农村和城市 LGA 的 PHC 设施中的比例相似（84.8%）。血糖仪在城市 PHC 设施中的比例为 45.5%，在农村 LGA 的 PHC 设施中的比例为 33.3%，差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.015；p=0.314）。大多数农村和城市 LGA 的 PHC 设施都没有基本的 CRD 设备。美多心安片是报告最多的基本 NCD 药物，在农村 LGA 的 15%的 PHC 设施中可用，在城市 LGA 中则没有。在两个地区的 PHC 设施中都没有抗糖尿病药物。在农村和城市 LGA 的 PHC 设施中，超过 90%（≥30%）的设施在员工培训和基本药物等各个领域都没有准备好实施基本的 NCD 干预措施。总体而言，农村 LGA 的 97.0%的 PHC 设施和城市 LGA 的所有 PHC 设施都没有准备好实施针对这三种 NCD 的基本干预措施。
奥孙州农村和城市 LGA 的 PHC 设施在实施基本 NCD 干预措施方面的准备程度非常低。政府需要通过提供必要的基本药物、基本诊断设备、设备以及培训临床卫生保健工作者，来加强 PHC 系统，以便在该州实施基本的 NCD 干预措施。
