Martinchik A N, Zubtsov V V
Vopr Pitan. 2012;81(6):61-6.
The analysis of experimental, clinical and epidemiological data on the phytoestrogen properties of the components of flaxseed Linum Usitatissimum L., especially lignans and products of their biotransformation in humans and animals enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL) are presented. Flaxseed is the richest in the vegetable world source of lignans (up to 0,7-1,5% of dry weight of seed), among which prevails secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SIR-DG). Plant lignans are characterized as natural phytoestrogen that reduce the risk of hormonedependent cancers of breast, uterus and prostate. Anticancerogenic activity of flaxseed lignans due to antioxudant effect END and ENL in the human body. The antioxidant activity of SIR, END, ENL and SIR-DG is higher than that of vitamin E and the antioxidant activity of SIR, END and ENL higher than SIR-DG. On the basis of evidence-based biomedical researches on various models in experimental carcinogenesis, on the tumor cells in vitro, in clinical trials in patients with hormone-dependent tumors, and, finally, in epidemiological studies have proved the anticarcinogenic activity of the components of the flaxseed and validity of recommendations for preventive and curative use in hormone-dependent tumors.
本文介绍了对亚麻籽（Linum Usitatissimum L.）成分的植物雌激素特性的实验、临床和流行病学数据的分析，特别是木脂素及其在人和动物体内的生物转化产物肠二醇（END）和肠内酯（ENL）。亚麻籽是植物界中木脂素含量最丰富的来源（占种子干重的0.7 - 1.5%），其中主要是开环异落叶松脂素二糖苷（SIR - DG）。植物木脂素被认为是天然植物雌激素，可降低患乳腺癌、子宫癌和前列腺癌等激素依赖性癌症的风险。亚麻籽木脂素的抗癌活性归因于其在人体内的抗氧化作用产物END和ENL。SIR、END、ENL和SIR - DG的抗氧化活性高于维生素E，且SIR、END和ENL的抗氧化活性高于SIR - DG。基于对实验致癌作用的各种模型、体外肿瘤细胞、激素依赖性肿瘤患者的临床试验以及最终的流行病学研究的循证医学研究，已证明亚麻籽成分的抗癌活性以及在激素依赖性肿瘤预防和治疗中使用建议的有效性。
